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Dexmedetomidine, sold under the brand name Precedex among others, is a medication used for sedation. [4] Veterinarians use dexmedetomidine for similar purposes in treating cats, dogs, and horses. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] It is also used in humans to treat acute agitation associated with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder . [ 5 ]
The dose range advised by the manufacturers is 20–40 μg/kg intravenous for moderate sedation, but this dose may need to be higher if given intramuscularly. When given intravenously, detomidine usually takes effect in 2–5 minutes, and recovery is full within 30–60 minutes.
In the European Union, dexmedetomidine received a marketing authorization from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) on August 10, 2012, under the brand name of Dexdor. [30] It is indicated for sedation in the ICU for patients needing mechanical ventilation.
Minimum alveolar concentration or MAC is the concentration, often expressed as a percentage by volume, of a vapour in the alveoli of the lungs that is needed to prevent movement (motor response) in 50% of subjects in response to surgical (pain) stimulus.
The SMS was delivering a Ministerial Statement on ICU and hospital capacity, as Singapore reported an additional 3,163 COVID cases and 13 more deaths on Sunday. 'Stretched to their limit'
Medetomidine is a racemic mixture of two optical or stereoisomers, levomedetomidine and dexmedetomidine. [4] The latter causes the alpha 2- adrenergic agonist effects. [5] It is often used as the hydrochloride salt, medetomidine hydrochloride, a crystalline white solid that can be administered as an intravenous drug solution with sterile water.
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They are mainly used in research, having found limited clinical application in human medicine. They are extensively used in veterinary medicine to reverse the effects of alpha-2 agonist drugs used as sedatives, like xylazine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine. Alpha-2 blockers increase noradrenaline release.