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Diphenhydramine, sold under the brand name Benadryl among others, is an antihistamine and sedative.It is a first-generation H 1-antihistamine and it works by blocking certain effects of histamine, which produces its antihistamine and sedative effects.
Related: Benadryl for Dogs: Side Effects of Long-Term Use. Signs of Benadryl Overdose in Dogs. At normal doses, Benadryl is quite safe, but a survey of over 600 dogs (1) found the following signs ...
Some forms of Benadryl are to be taken orally, while some creams and gels are to be applied to the skin. [2] Common side effects of the drug include drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth and throat, confusion, and blurred vision. [2] In the United States and Canada, the active ingredient is diphenhydramine.
Piperoxan was discovered in 1933 and was the first compound with antihistamine effects to be identified. [22] Piperoxan and its analogues were too toxic to be used in humans. [22] Phenbenzamine (Antergan) was the first clinically useful antihistamine and was introduced for medical use in 1942. [22]
First-generation antihistamines include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), carbinoxamine (Clistin), clemastine (Tavist), chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton), and brompheniramine (Dimetane). However, a 1955 study of "antihistaminic drugs for colds," carried out by the U.S. Army Medical Corps, reported that "there was no significant difference in the ...
The FDA animal efficacy rule (also known as animal rule) applies to development and testing of drugs and biologicals to reduce or prevent serious or life-threatening conditions caused by exposure to lethal or permanently disabling toxic agents (chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear substances), where human efficacy trials are not feasible or ethical. [1]
Allergies to cats, a type of animal allergy, are one of the most common allergies experienced by humans.Among the eight known cat allergens, the most prominent allergen is secretoglobin Fel d 1, which is produced in the anal glands, salivary glands, and, mainly, in sebaceous glands of cats, and is ubiquitous in the United States, even in households without cats.
Although the effectiveness of H4 receptor ligands has been studied in animal models and human biological samples, further research is needed to understand genetic polymorphisms and interspecies differences in their actions and pharmacological characteristics. [12]