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Russula subnigricans is a poisonous mushroom, and has been responsible for mushroom poisoning in Taiwan and Japan. The effect is a serious one, rhabdomyolysis. The toxins responsible are the very unusual cycloprop-2-ene carboxylic acid (a toxic molecule consisting of only 10 atoms) and Russuphelin A (a heavily chlorinated polyphenolic).
Jack-O'lantern mushroom illudin S [33] [34] Europe Cantharellus spp. Omphalotus olivascens: Western jack-o'-lantern mushroom illudin S [35] America Cantharellus spp. Paralepistopsis acromelalga: acromelic acid: Japan Paralepista flaccida. Paralepista gilva. Paralepistopsis amoenolens: Paralysis funnel acromelic acid: North Africa and Europe ...
Despite the difficulty in positively identifying collected specimens, the possibility to spot the toxic species by their acrid taste makes some of the mild species, such as R. cyanoxantha and R. vesca, popular edible mushrooms. Russula is mostly free of deadly poisonous species, and mild-tasting ones are all edible. [14] [failed verification]
Mushroom poisoning is usually the result of ingestion of wild mushrooms after misidentification of a toxic mushroom as an edible species. The most common reason for this misidentification is a close resemblance in terms of color and general morphology of the toxic mushrooms species with edible species. To prevent mushroom poisoning, mushroom ...
Russula emetica, commonly known as the sickener, emetic russula, or vomiting russula, is a basidiomycete mushroom, and the type species of the genus Russula. It has a red, convex to flat cap up to 8.5 cm (3.3 in) in diameter, with a cuticle that can be peeled off almost to the centre. The gills are white to pale cream, and closely spaced.
Some species, like Russula vesca, can even be eaten raw. [113] The brittle texture of Russula fruitbodies makes them different from other mushrooms and is not appreciated by some. [114] Several species have a hot to very acrid taste and can cause gastrointestinal symptoms. [115]
The level of muscarine in A. muscaria is too low to play a role in the symptoms of poisoning. [ 73 ] The major toxins involved in A. muscaria poisoning are muscimol (3-hydroxy-5-aminomethyl-1-isoxazole, an unsaturated cyclic hydroxamic acid ) and the related amino acid ibotenic acid .
Russula sanguinaria, commonly known as the bloody brittlegill or rosey russula, [1] is a strikingly coloured mushroom of the genus Russula, which has the common name of brittlegills. It is bright blood-red, inedible, and grows in association with coniferous trees.