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Christkind. The Christkind (German for 'Christ-child'; pronounced [ˈkʁɪstˌkɪnt] ⓘ), also called Christkindl, is the traditional Christmas gift-bringer in Austria, Switzerland, Slovenia, southern and western Germany, the Czech Republic, Croatia, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, the eastern part of Belgium, Portugal, Slovakia, Hungary, parts of northeastern France, Upper Silesia in Poland ...
In some parts of Central Europe, there is a separate tradition of a young child or fairy-like being bringing presents, known as Christkind. Early modern England had Father Christmas , a character initially associated with feasting and good cheer, though he was not originally a gift bringer.
Japanese Historical Text Initiative (JHTI) is a searchable online database of Japanese historical documents and English translations. It is part of the Center for Japanese Studies at the University of California at Berkeley .
Weihnachten (German: [ˈvaɪnaxtn̩] ⓘ) is the observance of what is commonly known in English as Christmas in the German-speaking countries such as Germany, Austria and Switzerland. It is also widespread in countries with a German-speaking minority, such as Transylvania in Romania, South Tyrol in Italy, Eupen in Belgium, and various ...
Christmas market in Merano, Italy. The first traces of Christmas markets in the German-speaking part of Europe and in many parts of the former Holy Roman Empire go back to late medieval sales fairs and—often one-day—markets, which gave citizens the opportunity to stock up on meat and winter necessities at the beginning of the cold season. [10]
Knecht Ruprecht (on the left) and Saint Nicholas. Knecht Ruprecht (German pronunciation: [ˌknɛçtˈʁuː.pʁɛçt] ⓘ; English: Farmhand Rupert, Servant Rupert or Farmhand Robert, Servant Robert) is a companion of Saint Nicholas as described in the folklore of Germany.
Ihr Kinderlein, kommet" ("Oh, come, little children") is a German Christmas carol. The lyrics were written by Catholic priest and writer Christoph von Schmid in 1798. His poem " Die Kinder bei der Krippe " (The children at the manger) had originally eight verses and was first published in 1811.
The University of Virginia Japanese Text Initiative (JTI) is a project intended to provide a comprehensive online database of Japanese literary texts. Sponsored by the University of Virginia and the University of Pittsburgh East Asian Library, the online collection contains over 300 texts from Japan's pre-modern and modern periods (generally ...