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  2. Coal mining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_mining

    When coal seams are near the surface, it may be economical to extract the coal using open-cut, also referred to as open-cast, open-pit, mountaintop removal or strip, mining methods. Opencast coal mining recovers a greater proportion of the coal deposit than underground methods, as more of the coal seams in the strata may be exploited. This ...

  3. Biomining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomining

    Biomining techniques only show economic viability as a complementary process to mining, not as a replacement. Biomining may make traditional mining more environmentally and economically friendly, by re-processing fresh or abandoned mine tailings and the detoxification of copper production concentrates to generate economically valuable copper ...

  4. Mineral processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_processing

    Crushing, a form of comminution, one of the unit operations of mineral processing. Mineral processing is the process of separating commercially valuable minerals from their ores in the field of extractive metallurgy. [1]

  5. Mining engineering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining_engineering

    The act of mining requires different methods of extraction depending on the mineralogy, geology, and location of the resources. Characteristics such as mineral hardness, the mineral stratification, and access to that mineral will determine the method of extraction. Generally, mining is either done from the surface or underground.

  6. Outline of mining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_mining

    Mining – extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually (but not always) from an ore body, vein or (coal) seam. Any material that cannot be grown from agricultural processes, or created artificially in a laboratory or factory , is usually mined.

  7. Mining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining

    Mining of sulfur from a deposit at the edge of Ijen's crater lake, Indonesia. Mining is the extraction of valuable geological materials and minerals from the surface of the Earth. Mining is required to obtain most materials that cannot be grown through agricultural processes, or feasibly created artificially in a laboratory or factory.

  8. United States Bureau of Mines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Bureau_of_Mines

    The conduct of research to enhance the safety, health, and environmental impact of mining and processing of minerals and materials. The collection, analysis, and dissemination of information about mining and processing of more than 100 mineral commodities across the Nation and in more than 185 countries around the world.

  9. Category:Resource extraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Resource_extraction

    This category contains Resource extraction industries, processes, procedures and techniques related to extraction of natural or other resources, and articles directly related to the ethical and political issues surrounding resource extraction