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  2. Newcomb's paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newcomb's_paradox

    In philosophy and mathematics, Newcomb's paradox, also known as Newcomb's problem, is a thought experiment involving a game between two players, one of whom is able to predict the future. Newcomb's paradox was created by William Newcomb of the University of California 's Lawrence Livermore Laboratory .

  3. Guess 2/3 of the average - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guess_2/3_of_the_average

    In game theory, "guess ⁠ 2 / 3 of the average" is a game where players simultaneously select a real number between 0 and 100, inclusive. The winner of the game is the player(s) who select a number closest to ⁠ 2 / 3 of the average of numbers chosen by all players. [1]

  4. Wason selection task - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wason_selection_task

    One experiment revolving around the Wason four card problem found many influences on people's selection in this task experiment that were not based on logic. The non-logical inferences made by the participants from this experiment demonstrate the possibility and structure of extra logical reasoning mechanisms.

  5. Rational choice model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational_choice_model

    Rational choice modeling refers to the use of decision theory (the theory of rational choice) as a set of guidelines to help understand economic and social behavior. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The theory tries to approximate, predict, or mathematically model human behavior by analyzing the behavior of a rational actor facing the same costs and benefits .

  6. Prisoner's dilemma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prisoner's_dilemma

    A game modeled after the iterated prisoner's dilemma is a central focus of the 2012 video game Zero Escape: Virtue's Last Reward and a minor part in its 2016 sequel Zero Escape: Zero Time Dilemma. In The Mysterious Benedict Society and the Prisoner's Dilemma by Trenton Lee Stewart , the main characters start by playing a version of the game and ...

  7. Behavioral game theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavioral_game_theory

    In game experiments, rational choice conflicts with individual decision making, and individual behavior may be able to achieve greater gains than rational choice. Rational choice theory has limitations and uncertainties for social interaction decisions, so the predicted results are not the same as the experimental results.

  8. Allais paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allais_paradox

    The Allais paradox is a choice problem designed by Maurice Allais to show an inconsistency of actual observed choices with the predictions of expected utility theory. The Allais paradox demonstrates that individuals rarely make rational decisions consistently when required to do so immediately.

  9. Public goods game - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_goods_game

    The nature of the experiment is incentives and the problem of free riding. Public goods games investigate the incentives of individuals who free-ride off individuals who are contributing to the common pool. A public goods game investigates behavioural economics and the actions of the players in the game. In this process, it seeks to use ...