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The Oppidum of Manching (German: Oppidum von Manching) was a large Celtic proto-urban or city-like settlement at modern-day Manching, near Ingolstadt, in Bavaria, Germany. The Iron Age town (or oppidum ) was founded in the 3rd century BC and existed until c. 50-30 BC.
The Oppidum du Fossé des Pandours is an urban center of the Celtic people known as the Mediomatrici. It was established near the Saverne Pass, within the territory of the modern communes of Saverne and Ottersthal . It is the largest oppidum in the region of Alsace. The territory of the Mediomatrici is home to several oppida.
An oppidum (pl.: oppida) is a large fortified Iron Age settlement or town. Oppida are primarily associated with the Celtic late La Tène culture , emerging during the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, spread across Europe, stretching from Britain and Iberia in the west to the edge of the Hungarian Plain in the east.
By contrast to Manching, only a fraction of the walled area likely was occupied by buildings. The oppidum's location at the two rivers and between Manching, Berching, and other settlements farther downstream on the Danube, together with the ample supply of wood and iron, likely were the basis for its existence. [1]: 394
At least two gates, a main one to the northeast and a smaller one to the south, gave access to the interior. They are fairly complex in shape, designed to make access for a possible attacker more difficult. An outer fortification was placed beyond the northeast edge of the oppidum. Walls or banks to the south probably played no defensive role. [9]
Manching is a municipality in the district of Pfaffenhofen, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated on the river Paar , 7 km southeast of Ingolstadt . In the late Iron Age , there was a Celtic settlement, the Oppidum of Manching , on the location of present-day Manching.
The museum was founded on 14 October 1885 on the initiative of the physiologist and anthropologist Johannes Ranke, a nephew of Leopold von Ranke. [1] [2] As part of his teaching at the University of Munich, he had assembled a private collection of both original prehistoric objects of Bavarian origin and copies and held a well received exhibition of them in March–April that year, after which ...
Titelberg resembles a number of other Celtic oppidum sites. In particular, Bibracte, probably the capital of the Aedui, near Autun in France has similar dimensions and fortifications. Manching in Bavaria is a considerably larger site and Ensérune near Béziers in southern France also has a hilltop position.