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Stretching lineations record primarily the vector of greatest stretch, which is perpendicular to the principle plane of shortening. A stretching lineation may be visualised as a ball of treacle (molasses) which, when pulled, forms a cigar-shaped rod parallel to the direction in which it is pulled.
A sample of cursive handwriting on ruled paper showing the four lines associated with lineation. In Western handwriting, lineation is the particular spacing between the baseline and the median or mean line (a distance known as the x-height or corpus size), the height of the ascenders, and the depth of the descenders.
A proportion of writing systems are bicameral, distinguishing between two parallel sets of letters that vary in use based on prescribed grammar or convention. These sets of letters are known as cases. The larger case is called uppercase or capitals (also known as majuscule) and the smaller case is called lowercase (also known as minuscule).
Detail from Zaner's 1896 article: The Line of Direction in Writing [3] A major factor contributing to the development of the Zaner-Bloser teaching script was Zaner's study of the body movements required to create the form of cursive letters when using the 'muscular arm method' of handwriting – such as the Palmer Method – which was prevalent in the United States from the late 19th century.
Technical lettering is the process of forming letters, numerals, and other characters in technical drawing. It is used to describe, or provide detailed specifications for, an object. With the goals of legibility and uniformity, styles are standardized and lettering ability has little relationship to normal writing ability.
Alphabet and numerals from The Palmer Method of Business Writing. The method developed around 1888 and was introduced in the book Palmer's Guide to Business Writing (1894). [3] Palmer's method involved "muscle motion" in which the more proximal muscles of the arm were used for movement, rather than allowing the fingers to move in writing.
The D'Nealian Method of handwriting is derived from the Palmer Method with an alphabet comprising two different sets of letters – one for print writing (sometimes also called "manuscript printing"), and one for cursive writing. [2] Thirteen letters change shape between print and cursive, while the slant of 85 degrees, measured ...
Lineation may refer to: Lineation (handwriting), use of consistent spacing and letter size in Western handwriting to produce straight lines; Lineation (geology), linear structural features within rocks Parting lineation; Lineation (poetry), the selective arrangement of text into poetic lines