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The UV facility treats water delivered by two of the city's aqueduct systems, the Catskill Aqueduct and the Delaware Aqueduct, via the Kensico Reservoir. [3] (The city's third supply system, the New Croton Aqueduct, has a separate treatment plant. [4]) The plant has 56 energy-efficient UV reactors, and cost the city $1.6 billion.
The New York City Water Board was established in 1905. It sets water and sewer rates for New York City sufficient to pay the costs of operating and financing the system, and collects user payments from customers for services provided by the water and wastewater utility systems of the City of New York.
Fallout shelter sign on a building in New York City A fallout shelter in the Bronx (NY), 2024. The dose that would be lethal to 50% of a population is a common parameter used to compare the effects of various fallout types or circumstances. Usually, the term is defined for a specific time, and limited to studies of acute lethality.
The city's wastewater is collected through an extensive grid of sewer pipes of various sizes and stretching over 7,400 miles (11,900 km). The Bureau of Wastewater Treatment (BWT) operates 14 water pollution control plants treating an average of 1.3 billion US gallons (4,900,000 m 3) of wastewater a day; 96 wastewater pump stations: 8 dewatering facilities; and 490 sewer regulators.
Despite not having too many applications for radioactive waste, it is very useful for the treatment of tritium, because it exploits plants' ability to transpire enormous amounts of water. [33] [34] The treatment applied to tritium (shielded by air produces almost no external radiation exposure, but its incorporation in water presents a health ...
The Croton filtration plant was built after a lawsuit was filed in 1997 against the City of New York by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Department of Justice and the State of New York. [10] The city settled the suit and a consent decree was issued with the condition that the city would build the plant by 2006. [9]
The plant was originally constructed in 1967. [3] The plant's unusual public amenities, which include a visitors' center with a manmade waterfall, a nature walk along the Newtown Creek, and the dramatic aesthetic elements, all stem from a long-term upgrade project that was begun by the city in 1998 and is scheduled for completion in 2014. [3]
The NRC regulates all nuclear plants and materials in the United States except for nuclear plants and materials controlled by the U.S. government, as well those powering naval vessels. [1] [2] The 1979 Three Mile Island accident was a pivotal event that led to questions about U.S. nuclear safety. [3]