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Hemorrhoids (or haemorrhoids), also known as piles, are vascular structures in the anal canal. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] In their normal state, they are cushions that help with stool control. [ 2 ] They become a disease when swollen or inflamed ; the unqualified term hemorrhoid is often used to refer to the disease. [ 8 ]
Anatomy of the human anus. Frontal section. The anus is the final part of the gastrointestinal tract, and directly continues from the rectum, passing through the pelvic floor. The top and bottom of the anus are surrounded by the internal and external anal sphincters, two muscular rings which control defecation.
Anatomy figure: 39:02-06 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Branches of the inferior mesenteric artery." Anatomy photo:39:05-0112 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Intestines and Pancreas: Branches of the Inferior Mesenteric Artery" sup&infmesentericart at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
The inferior rectal artery arises from the internal pudendal artery as it passes above the ischial tuberosity.. Piercing the wall of the pudendal canal, it divides into two or three branches which cross the ischioanal fossa, and are distributed to the muscles and integument of the anal region, and send offshoots around the lower edge of the gluteus maximus to the skin of the buttock.
Hemorrhoidal artery embolization (HAE, or hemorrhoid artery embolization) is a non-surgical treatment of internal hemorrhoids. [ 1 ] The procedure involves blocking the abnormal blood flow to the rectal (hemorrhoidal) arteries using microcoils and/or microparticles to decrease the size of the hemorrhoids and improve hemorrhoid related symptoms ...
In humans, the anal canal is approximately 2.5 to 4 cm (0.98 to 1.57 in) long, from the anorectal junction to the anus. [2] [3] [4] It is directed downwards and backwards.. It is surrounded by inner involuntary and outer voluntary sphincters which keep the lumen closed in the form of an anteroposterior sl
The rectal venous plexus consists of an external rectal plexus [4]: 598 [5]: 294 that is situated outside to the muscular wall, [3] [4]: 598 [5]: 294 and an internal rectal plexus [4]: 598 [5]: 294 that is situated in the submucosa [5]: 294 /deep to the mucosa [3] [4]: 598 of the rectum and proximal anal canal [3] at the anorectal junction.
The inferior mesenteric vein begins in the rectum as the superior rectal vein (superior hemorrhoidal vein), which has its origin in the hemorrhoidal plexus, and through this plexus communicates with the middle and inferior hemorrhoidal veins.