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The Crew Module Atmospheric Re-entry Experiment (CARE) is an experimental test vehicle for the Indian Space Research Organisation's future ISRO orbital vehicle called Gaganyaan. [1] It was launched successfully on 18 December 2014 from the Second Launch Pad of the Satish Dhawan Space Centre , by a LVM3 designated by ISRO as the LVM 3X CARE mission.
Technicians carefully position an Orion flight test crew module to be airlifted. This module was planned to be used for a launch abort system pad-abort flight test. The Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (Orion MPCV) is equipped with a launch escape system. Orion has several abort modes.
AVCOAT was first used on the parts of the Apollo spacecraft orbiter and as a unit attached to the crew module. The heat shield is a honeycomb structure filled with the AVCOAT. NASA confirmed that this is made of silica fibers with an epoxy novolac resin filled in a fiberglass-phenolic manufactured directly onto the heat shield.
A launch escape system (LES) or launch abort system (LAS) is a crew-safety system connected to a space capsule. It is used in the event of a critical emergency to quickly separate the capsule from its launch vehicle in case of an emergency requiring the abort of the launch, such as an impending explosion.
The ISRO Pad Abort Test was an Indian Space Research Organisation launch escape system test of its crew module as part of Indian Human Spaceflight Programme. The successful test took place on 5 July 2018. [2] A Pad Abort Test is a trial run for the spacecraft's launch abort system (sometimes called a launch escape system).
The launch occurred at 04:30 UTC, and the crew module successfully separated from the launch vehicle. [4] [5] The crew module was successfully recovered by the Indian Navy. [6] India is the fourth country, after Russia, the United States, and China, to successfully test this technology. [7]
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The Apollo Command Module reentered with the center of mass offset from the center line; this caused the capsule to assume an angled attitude through the air, providing a sideways lift to be used for directional control. Rotational thrusters were used to steer the capsule under either automatic or manual control by changing the lift vector.