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A few dozen free settlers settled on the west coast in the following years. [87] New Caledonia became a penal colony , and from the 1860s until the end of the transportations in 1897, about 22,000 criminals and political prisoners were sent to New Caledonia, among them many Communards , including Henri de Rochefort and Louise Michel . [ 88 ]
Metal roofs emissivity is better at reflecting solar radiation at 10%–75% depending on the color choice, compared to asphalt roofs that reflect 5%–25% depending on their color. Over the lifetime of the metal roof they keep 95% of the reflective capacity compared to other roof types that lose 20%–40% of their reflective capacity.
The peoples of Oceania, spread across multiple island groups in the Pacific Ocean, developed unique architectural styles that made optimal use of the available resources. These included materials like timber , bamboo , pandanus , coconut palm , and coral .
Reconstructed crannog on Loch Tay, Scotland. A roundhouse is a type of house with a circular plan, usually with a conical roof. In the later part of the 20th century, modern designs of roundhouse eco-buildings were constructed with materials such as cob, cordwood or straw bale walls and reciprocal frame green roofs.
The flooring is often made of split bamboo or sago palm, while the walls and roofs are typically thatched with palm leaves or grass. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] In the highland regions, the round or oval-shaped houses, often known as 'Pit Houses', [ 2 ] are partially or fully buried in the ground for insulation and protection against the elements. [ 5 ]
In modern homes, concrete and steel are often used as construction material for the structural stilts in houses. In the Avieiras stilt houses along the Tagus River in Portugal , canes growing by the riverbank and trunks of large trees were used as stilts to support the homes of local fisherman. [ 10 ]
The builders in Samoan architecture were also the architects, and they belonged to an exclusive ancient guild of master builders, Tufuga fau fale. The Samoan word tufuga denotes the status of master craftsmen who have achieved the highest rank in skill and knowledge in a particular traditional art form. The words fau-fale mean house builder.
Print/export Download as PDF; Printable version; ... Pages in category "History of Oceania" The following 18 pages are in this category, out of 18 total. ...