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  2. Habitable zone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitable_zone

    For example, according to Kopparapu's habitable zone estimate, although the Solar System has a circumstellar habitable zone centered at 1.34 AU from the Sun, [5] a star with 0.25 times the luminosity of the Sun would have a habitable zone centered at , or 0.5, the distance from the star, corresponding to a distance of 0.67 AU. Various ...

  3. Solar radius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_radius

    Evolution of the solar luminosity, radius and effective temperature compared to the present-day Sun. After Ribas (2009) [3] The uncrewed SOHO spacecraft was used to measure the radius of the Sun by timing transits of Mercury across the surface during 2003 and 2006. The result was a measured radius of 696,342 ± 65 kilometres (432,687 ± 40 ...

  4. Astronomical unit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_unit

    [7] [15] [16] Equivalently, by this definition, one au is "the radius of an unperturbed circular Newtonian orbit about the sun of a particle having infinitesimal mass, moving with an angular frequency of 0.017 202 098 95 radians per day "; [17] or alternatively that length for which the heliocentric gravitational constant (the product GM ...

  5. Planetary habitability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_habitability

    K-type stars may be able to support life far longer than the Sun. [26] Whether fainter late K and M class red dwarf stars are also suitable hosts for habitable planets is perhaps the most important open question in the entire field of planetary habitability given their prevalence (habitability of red dwarf systems).

  6. Galactic habitable zone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galactic_habitable_zone

    In astrobiology and planetary astrophysics, the galactic habitable zone is the region of a galaxy in which life is most likely to develop. The concept of a galactic habitable zone analyzes various factors, such as metallicity (the presence of elements heavier than hydrogen and helium) and the rate and density of major catastrophes such as supernovae, and uses these to calculate which regions ...

  7. Habitability of K-type main-sequence star systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitability_of_K-type...

    K-type main-sequence stars, also known as orange dwarfs, may be candidates for supporting extraterrestrial life.These stars are known as "Goldilocks stars" as they emit enough radiation in the non-UV ray spectrum [1] to provide a temperature that allows liquid water to exist on the surface of a planet; they also remain stable in the main sequence longer than the Sun by burning their hydrogen ...

  8. Sun - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun

    In the first century AD, Ptolemy estimated the distance as 1,210 times the radius of Earth, approximately 7.71 million kilometers (0.0515 AU). [177] The theory that the Sun is the center around which the planets orbit was first proposed by the ancient Greek Aristarchus of Samos in the third century BC, [178] and later adopted by Seleucus of ...

  9. IAU (1976) System of Astronomical Constants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IAU_(1976)_System_of...

    The astronomical unit of length is known as the astronomical unit (A or au), which in the IAU(1976) system is defined as the length for which the gravitational constant, more specifically the Gaussian gravitational constant k expressed in the astronomical units (i.e. k 2 has units A 3 S −1 D −2), takes the value of 0.017 202 098 95. This ...