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William Magear "Boss" Tweed [note 1] (April 3, 1823 – April 12, 1878) was an American politician most notable for being the political boss of Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party's political machine that played a major role in the politics of 19th-century New York City and State.
Thomas Nast (/ n æ s t /; German:; September 26, 1840 [2] – December 7, 1902) was a German-born American caricaturist and editorial cartoonist often considered to be the "Father of the American Cartoon". [3] He was a sharp critic of "Boss" Tweed and the Tammany Hall Democratic Party political machine.
Thomas Nast Gallery, 1870 – January 1871, editorial cartoons about Boss Tweed and Tammany Hall Proposed Historic District: Tammany Hall , archive of a proposal to list Tammany Hall among the historic districts of the United States
Tweed was arrested in 1873 and convicted of fraud. Nast and Harper's also played an important part in securing Rutherford B. Hayes' 1876 presidential election. Later on Hayes remarked that Nast was "the most powerful, single-handed aid [he] had". [9] After the election, Nast's role in the magazine diminished considerably.
By Thomas Nast in Harper's Weekly, 1877 Feb 17, p. 132. Tilden, who had prosecuted machine politicians in New York and sent the political boss William M. Tweed to jail, ran as a reform candidate against the background of the corruption of the Grant administration. Both parties backed civil service reform.
[32] [67] Nast's caricatures, meanwhile, were targeted toward Tweed's largely illiterate constituents. Tweed offered Nast $500,000 in an unsuccessful attempt to stop Nast from making more cartoons. [67] [78] The ring was disbanded in 1871 upon the arrest of Boss Tweed.
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While Democrat "Boss" Tweed, Tammany Hall leaders and Hall were Anglo, their power base rested largely upon Irish immigrants. This conflict boiled over in 1871 when Hall attempted to stop the Irish Orange Order (Irish of Anglo-Saxon and Scots-Irish descent) from holding a parade, perhaps provocatively celebrating the historic Orangemen (Anglo ...