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Thiol with a blue highlighted sulfhydryl group.. In organic chemistry, a thiol (/ ˈ θ aɪ ɒ l /; [1] from Ancient Greek θεῖον (theion) 'sulfur' [2]), or thiol derivative, is any organosulfur compound of the form R−SH, where R represents an alkyl or other organic substituent.
In organic chemistry, a sulfide (British English sulphide) or thioether is an organosulfur functional group with the connectivity R−S−R' as shown on right. Like many other sulfur-containing compounds, volatile sulfides have foul odors. [ 1 ]
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Thiophenol is an organosulfur compound with the formula C 6 H 5 SH, sometimes abbreviated as PhSH. This foul-smelling colorless liquid is the simplest aromatic thiol.The chemical structures of thiophenol and its derivatives are analogous to phenols, where the oxygen atom in the hydroxyl group (-OH) bonded to the aromatic ring in phenol is replaced by a sulfur atom.
Thiols are more nucleophilic, more acidic, and more readily oxidized. This acidity can differ by 5 pK a units. [8] The difference in electronegativity between sulfur (2.58) and hydrogen (2.20) is small and therefore hydrogen bonding in thiols is not prominent. Aliphatic thiols form monolayers on gold, which are topical in nanotechnology.
Some metal sulfides, when exposed to a strong mineral acid, including gastric acids, will release toxic hydrogen sulfide. Organic sulfides are highly flammable. When a sulfide burns it produces sulfur dioxide (SO 2) gas. Hydrogen sulfide, some of its salts, and almost all organic sulfides have a strong and putrid stench; rotting biomass ...
In chemistry, a disulfide (or disulphide in British English) is a compound containing a R−S−S−R′ functional group or the S 2− 2 anion.The linkage is also called an SS-bond or sometimes a disulfide bridge and usually derived from two thiol groups.
Ethanethiol, commonly known as ethyl mercaptan, is an organosulfur compound with the formula CH 3 CH 2 SH. [5] It is a colorless liquid with a distinct odor. Abbreviated EtSH, it consists of an ethyl group (Et), CH 3 CH 2, attached to a thiol group, SH.