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Irritant contact dermatitis is the most common type and represents 80% of all cases. [1] It is caused by prolonged exposure to irritants, leading to direct injury of the epidermal cells of the skin, which activates an immune response , resulting in an inflammatory cutaneous reaction. [ 1 ]
The area of skin involved can vary from small to covering the entire body. [1] [2] Dermatitis is also called eczema but the same term is often used for the most common type of skin inflammation, atopic dermatitis. [7] The exact cause of the condition is often unclear. [2] Cases may involve a combination of allergy and poor venous return. [1]
The skin weighs an average of four kilograms, covers an area of two square metres, and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. [1] The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin. [3]
Dermatology, allergy and immunology Dermatographic urticaria is a skin disorder and one of the most common types of urticaria , affecting 2–5% of the population. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Although AD was previously considered primarily a childhood disease, it is now recognized as highly prevalent in adults, with an estimated adult prevalence of 3–5% globally. [ 121 ] [ 122 ] It now affects 15–30% of children and 2–10% of adults in developed countries, and in the United States has nearly tripled in the past 30–40 years.
Senile pruritus is one of the most common conditions in the elderly or people over 65 years of age with an emerging itch that may be accompanied with changes in temperature and textural characteristics. [1] [2] [3] In the elderly, xerosis, is the most common cause for an itch due to the degradation of the skin barrier over time. [4]
[3] [4] While only a small number of skin diseases account for most visits to the physician, thousands of skin conditions have been described. [5] Classification of these conditions often presents many nosological challenges, since underlying causes and pathogenetics are often not known.
Cherry angioma, also called cherry hemangioma [1] or Campbell de Morgan Spot, [2] is a small bright red dome-shaped bump on the skin. [3] It ranges between 0.5 – 6 mm in diameter and usually several are present, typically on the chest and arms, and increasing in number with age.