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Keratosis pilaris (KP; also follicular keratosis, lichen pilaris, or colloquially chicken skin. [1]) is a common, autosomal-dominant, genetic condition of the skin's hair follicles characterized by the appearance of possibly itchy, small, gooseflesh-like bumps, with varying degrees of reddening or inflammation. [2]
The skin weighs an average of four kilograms, covers an area of two square metres, and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. [1] The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin. [3]
The area of skin involved can vary from small to covering the entire body. [1] [2] Dermatitis is also called eczema but the same term is often used for the most common type of skin inflammation, atopic dermatitis. [7] The exact cause of the condition is often unclear. [2] Cases may involve a combination of allergy and poor venous return. [1]
Senile pruritus is one of the most common conditions in the elderly or people over 65 years of age with an emerging itch that may be accompanied with changes in temperature and textural characteristics. [1] [2] [3] In the elderly, xerosis, is the most common cause for an itch due to the degradation of the skin barrier over time. [4]
Most of these conditions present with cutaneous surface changes termed "lesions," which have more or less distinct characteristics. [30] Often proper examination will lead the physician to obtain appropriate historical information and/or laboratory tests that are able to confirm the diagnosis. [ 29 ]
Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer in humans. [11] [12] [13] There are three main types of skin cancers: basal-cell skin cancer (BCC), squamous-cell skin cancer (SCC) and melanoma. [1] The first two, along with a number of less common skin cancers, are known as nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC).
Cherry angioma, also called cherry hemangioma [1] or Campbell de Morgan Spot, [2] is a small bright red dome-shaped bump on the skin. [3] It ranges between 0.5 – 6 mm in diameter and usually several are present, typically on the chest and arms, and increasing in number with age.
[3] [5] Antibiotics by mouth, such as cefalexin, may be used if large areas are affected. [3] Antibiotic-resistant forms have been found. [3] Healing generally occurs without scarring. [7] Impetigo affected about 140 million people (2% of the world population) in 2010. [6] It can occur at any age, but is most common in young children aged two ...