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Batrachotoxin was discovered by Fritz Märki and Bernhard Witkop, at the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A. Märki and Witkop separated the potent toxic alkaloids fraction from Phyllobates bicolor and determined its chemical properties in 1963. [4]
Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) is a superantigen with a size of 22 kDa [1] produced by 5 to 25% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates. It causes toxic shock syndrome (TSS) by stimulating the release of large amounts of interleukin-1, interleukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor. In general, the toxin is not produced by bacteria growing in the ...
Loss of an affected limb is possible even with prompt treatment. Haemotoxins are frequently employed by venomous animals, including snakes ( vipers and pit vipers ) and spiders ( brown recluse ). Animal venoms contain enzymes and other proteins that are haemotoxic or neurotoxic or occasionally both (as in the Mojave rattlesnake , the Japanese ...
Charybdotoxin (ChTX) is a 37 amino acid neurotoxin from the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus (deathstalker) that blocks calcium-activated potassium channels. [2] This blockade causes hyperexcitability of the nervous system. It is a close homologue of agitoxin and both toxins come from Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus.
The second episode of the TV series Seal Team (season 1) focuses on a chemical weapons lab in an abandoned hospital, producing VX gas. In the Netflix show Designated Survivor, agent Hannah Wells is killed by VX in season 3, episode 7. In the CBS show MacGyver, season 2 episode 9, a VX canister is the main plot point.
More than 62,000 inpatients receive medical care annually from The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, and the Health System manages more than 1.86 million outpatient visits each year. [ 1 ] The Wexner Medical Center has more than 23,000 employees, including more than 2,000 physicians, more than 1,000 residents and fellows and nearly ...
Taipoxin is a potent myo- and neurotoxin that was isolated from the venom of the coastal taipan Oxyuranus scutellatus or also known as the common taipan. [1] Taipoxin like many other pre-synaptic neurotoxins are phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2) toxins, which inhibit/complete block the release of the motor transmitter acetylcholine and lead to death by paralysis of the respiratory muscles (). [2]
A dose of 10 5 pfu of poneratoxin was sufficient to kill the S. frugiperda larvae, and a dose of 10 ng could paralyze them. [1] Based on these experiments, scientists believe poneratoxin can make a good candidate as a bio- insecticide because of its neurotoxicity to other insects, making it capable of immobilizing or even killing insects ...