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  2. Osteocyte - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteocyte

    An osteocyte, an oblate-shaped type of bone cell with dendritic processes, is the most commonly found cell in mature bone. It can live as long as the organism itself. [ 1 ] The adult human body has about 42 billion of them. [ 2 ]

  3. Bone resorption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_resorption

    Osteocyte activity plays a key role in this process. Conditions that result in a decrease in bone mass can either be caused by an increase in resorption or by a decrease in ossification. During childhood, bone formation exceeds resorption. As the aging process occurs, resorption exceeds formation. [5]

  4. Bone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone

    Some anatomists still use Latin to refer to bones. The term "osseous", and the prefix "osteo-", referring to things related to bone, are still used commonly today. Some examples of terms used to describe bones include the term "foramen" to describe a hole through which something passes, and a "canal" or "meatus" to describe a tunnel-like structure.

  5. Bone remodeling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_remodeling

    Bone tissue is removed by osteoclasts, and then new bone tissue is formed by osteoblasts. Both processes utilize cytokine (TGF-β, IGF) signalling.In osteology, bone remodeling or bone metabolism is a lifelong process where mature bone tissue is removed from the skeleton (a process called bone resorption) and new bone tissue is formed (a process called ossification or new bone formation).

  6. Bone canaliculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_canaliculus

    Bone canaliculi are microscopic canals between the lacunae of ossified bone.The radiating processes of the osteocytes (called filopodia) project into these canals. These cytoplasmic processes are joined together by gap junctions.

  7. Glossary of medicine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_medicine

    Anatomically the shoulder girdle with bones and corresponding muscles is by definition a part of the arm. The Latin term brachium may refer to either the arm as a whole or to the upper arm on its own. [32] [33] [34] Arteriole – is a small-diameter blood vessel in the microcirculation that extends and branches out from an artery and leads to ...

  8. Osteoblast - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoblast

    Feedback from physical activity maintains bone mass, while feedback from osteocytes limits the size of the bone-forming unit. [33] [34] [35] An important additional mechanism is secretion by osteocytes, buried in the matrix, of sclerostin, a protein that inhibits a pathway that maintains osteoblast activity. Thus, when the osteon reaches a ...

  9. RANKL - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RANKL

    Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL), also known as tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 (TNFSF11), TNF-related activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE), osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL), and osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFSF11 gene.