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  2. Embryonic stem cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryonic_stem_cell

    These cells are fed daily and are enzymatically or mechanically separated every four to seven days. For differentiation to occur, the human embryonic stem cell line is removed from the supporting cells to form embryoid bodies, is co-cultured with a serum containing necessary signals, or is grafted in a three-dimensional scaffold to result. [63]

  3. Embryoid body - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryoid_body

    Embryoid bodies (EBs) are three-dimensional aggregates formed by pluripotent stem cells. These include embryonic stem cells (ESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) EBs are differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into embryoid bodies comprising the three embryonic germ layers. They mimic the characteristics seen in early-stage embryos.

  4. Stem-cell line - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem-cell_line

    A stem cell line is a group of stem cells that is cultured in vitro and can be propagated indefinitely. Stem cell lines are derived from either animal or human tissues and come from one of three sources: embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, or induced pluripotent stem cells. They are commonly used in research and regenerative medicine.

  5. Human embryonic development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_embryonic_development

    Other cells migrate through the caudal part of the primitive line and form the lateral mesoderm, and those cells migrating by the most caudal part contribute to the extraembryonic mesoderm. [11] [15] The embryonic disc begins flat and round, but eventually elongates to have a wider cephalic part and narrow-shaped caudal end. [10]

  6. Epigenetics in stem-cell differentiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetics_in_stem-cell...

    Embryonic stem cells exhibit dramatic and complex alterations to both global and site-specific chromatin structures. Lee et al. performed an experiment to determine the importance of deacetylation and acetylation for stem cell differentiation by looking at global acetylation and methylation levels at certain site-specific modification in histone sites H3K9 and H3K4.

  7. Cellular differentiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_differentiation

    As induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are thought to mimic embryonic stem cells in their pluripotent properties, few epigenetic differences should exist between them. To test this prediction, the authors conducted whole-genome profiling of DNA methylation patterns in several human embryonic stem cell (ESC), iPSC, and progenitor cell lines.

  8. Amniotic stem cells - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amniotic_stem_cells

    The majority of stem cells present in the amniotic fluid share many characteristics, which suggests they may have a common origin. [1]In 2007, it was confirmed that the amniotic fluid contains a heterogeneous mixture of multipotent cells after it was demonstrated that they were able to differentiate into cells from all three germ layers but they could not form teratomas following implantation ...

  9. Stem-cell niche - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem-cell_niche

    The word 'niche' can be in reference to the in vivo or in vitro stem-cell microenvironment. During embryonic development, various niche factors act on embryonic stem cells to alter gene expression, and induce their proliferation or differentiation for the development of the fetus. Within the human body, stem-cell niches maintain adult stem ...