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Many tumor suppressors work to regulate the cycle at specific checkpoints in order to prevent damaged cells from replicating. A tumor suppressor gene (TSG), or anti-oncogene, is a gene that regulates a cell during cell division and replication. [1] If the cell grows uncontrollably, it will result in cancer. When a tumor suppressor gene is ...
There are a few possible causes of resistance in cancer, one of which is the presence of small pumps on the surface of cancer cells that actively move chemotherapy from inside the cell to the outside. Cancer cells produce high amounts of these pumps, known as p-glycoprotein, in order to protect themselves from chemotherapeutics. Research on p ...
Antiapoptotic proteins, such as clusterin and survivin, are often expressed in cancer cells. [30] [31] Clusterin and survivin-targeting siRNAs were used to reduce the number of antiapoptotic proteins and, thus, increase the sensitivity of the cancer cells to chemotherapy treatments.
There is room for improvement with this gene therapy approach. Firstly, the antigens of interest expressed on the cancer cells may sometimes be expressed on regular body cells, too. [5] This means the body's T cells will attack its own healthy cells instead of the cancer cells when the antigen is lacking specificity with just the cancer cell. [5]
4) Cancer cells have disrupted cell cycle checkpoints and E4orf4 can take advantage of this by disrupting checkpoints in mitosis. 5) A Drosophila model demonstrated that E4orf4 can inhibit classical apoptosis in healthy tissues. It has been considered that this function of E4orf4 is lost in cancer cells causing a more effective killing of cells.
Scientists believe statins, cheap cholesterol-lowering medications, could be used for cancer prevention. Statins have anti-inflammatory effects, which could be used to target cancers linked to ...
Another form of targeted therapy involves the use of nanoengineered enzymes to bind to a tumor cell such that the body's natural cell degradation process can digest the cell, effectively eliminating it from the body. Targeted cancer therapies are expected to be more effective than older forms of treatments and less harmful to normal cells.
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