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During early period of formation, the group fought with multidirectional rivalry in lieu of the central government. In 1978, the Derg commenced formal invasion of Ogaden region by Somalia, which claimed the region into integral part of Greater Somalia. [3] Map during the Ethiopian Civil War showing insurgent strategic route in advance of Addis ...
The Derg (or Dergue; Amharic: ደርግ, lit. ' committee ' or ' council '), officially the Provisional Military Administrative Council (PMAC), [4] [5] was the military dictatorship that ruled Ethiopia, then including present-day Eritrea, from 1974 to 1987, when the military junta formally "civilianized" the administration but stayed in power until 1991.
During the early 1980s the Ethiopian government rendered the Somali inhabited Ogaden region a vast military zone, engaging in indiscriminate aerial bombardments and forced resettlement programs. [27] During the fall of 1980, towns and villages in Tigray were bombarded with napalm and cluster bombs by the regime. Massive military infantry sweeps ...
July – the famine garnered international attention especially from Western community. The Oxfam and Live Aid concerted charity which ignited controversy whether NGOs in Ethiopia were under the control of Derg government or Oxfam and Live Aid coordinated to the Derg's enforced resettlement programmes, which displaced and killed between 50,000 and 100,000 people.
The Haile Selassie government was heavily criticized during the 1960s and early 1970s among the educated, especially by university students, who supported left-wing philosophies and held a deep resentment towards their living and studying conditions, as well as the insufficient amount of career opportunities that they were presented with after graduating.
Under the 1987 Constitution of Ethiopia, the military rule of the Derg evolved into the civilian government of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, and chapter 8 of the Constitution determined that the state would be subdivided into "autonomous regions" and "administrative regions".
Two senior regime officials lived in the Italian embassy in Addis Ababa from 2008 [19] until their death sentences were commuted and they were granted parole in 2020. [20] Another individual who was found guilty in absentia in May 2002, Kelbessa Negewo , was returned from his exile in the United States several years later to serve a life sentence.
The Derg had initially approached the Western Bloc, including the United States and Western European countries, but shifted towards the Eastern Bloc (Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact) due to the lack of US support for Ethiopia and the recurring human rights violations in the country. The foreign policy of the military regime was characterized by a ...