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The Leslie matrix is a discrete, age-structured model of population growth that is very popular in population ecology named after Patrick H. Leslie. [1] [2] The Leslie matrix (also called the Leslie model) is one of the most well-known ways to describe the growth of populations (and their projected age distribution), in which a population is closed to migration, growing in an unlimited ...
The following is an age-based Leslie matrix for this species. Each row in the first and third matrices corresponds to animals within a given age range (0–1 years, 1–2 years and 2–3 years). In a Leslie matrix the top row of the middle matrix consists of age-specific fertilities: F 1, F 2 and F 3. Note, that F 1 = S i ×R i in the matrix
Patrick Holt Leslie (1900 – June 1972) nickname "George" [1] was a Scottish physiologist best known for his contributions to population dynamics, including the development of the Leslie matrix, a mathematical tool widely used in ecological and demographic studies.
Matrix algebra is often used to investigate the evolution of age-structured or stage-structured populations. The Leslie matrix, for example, mathematically represents the discrete time change of an age structured population. [6] [7] [8] Models are often used to describe real ecological reproduction processes of single or multiple species.
After an introductory chapter on the Fibonacci numbers and the rabbit population dynamics example based on these numbers that Fibonacci introduced in his book Liber Abaci, the book includes chapters on homogeneous linear equations, finite difference equations and generating functions, nonnegative difference equations and roots of characteristic polynomials, the Leslie matrix in population ...
In the study of age-structured population growth, probably one of the most important equations is the Euler–Lotka equation.Based on the age demographic of females in the population and female births (since in many cases it is the females that are more limited in the ability to reproduce), this equation allows for an estimation of how a population is growing.
Let = be an positive matrix: > for ,.Then the following statements hold. There is a positive real number r, called the Perron root or the Perron–Frobenius eigenvalue (also called the leading eigenvalue, principal eigenvalue or dominant eigenvalue), such that r is an eigenvalue of A and any other eigenvalue λ (possibly complex) in absolute value is strictly smaller than r, |λ| < r.
For matrix-matrix exponentials, there is a distinction between the left exponential Y X and the right exponential X Y, because the multiplication operator for matrix-to-matrix is not commutative. Moreover, If X is normal and non-singular, then X Y and Y X have the same set of eigenvalues. If X is normal and non-singular, Y is normal, and XY ...