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Hinduism has been called the "oldest religion" in the world, [a] but scholars regard Hinduism as a relatively recent synthesis [2] [3] [4] of various Indian cultures and traditions, [2] [3] [5] with diverse roots [6] and no single founder, [7] [b] which emerged around the beginning of the Common Era.
Hinduism (/ ˈ h ɪ n d u ˌ ɪ z əm /) [1] is an umbrella term [2] [3] [a] for a range of Indian religious and spiritual traditions (sampradayas) [4] [note 1] that are unified by adherence to the concept of dharma, a cosmic order maintained by its followers through rituals and righteous living, [5] [6] [7] [b] as first expounded in the Vedas.
[23] [page needed] Nevertheless, while "it is usually taught that the beginnings of historical Hinduism date from around the beginning of the Common Era," when "the key tendencies, the crucial elements that would be encompassed in Hindu traditions, collectively came together," [24] some scholars have come to view the term "Hinduism" as ...
The actual term 'hindu' first occurs, states Gavin Flood, as "a Persian geographical term for the people who lived beyond the river Indus (Sanskrit: Sindhu)", [70] more specifically in the 5th-century BCE, DNa inscription of Darius I. [90] The Punjab region, called Sapta Sindhu in the Vedas, is called Hapta Hindu in Zend Avesta.
Hinduism – predominant and indigenous religious tradition of the Indian Subcontinent. [1] Its followers are called Hindus , who refer to it as Sanātana Dharma [ 2 ] ( Sanskrit : सनातनधर्मः , lit.
This period also covers the "Late Classical Age" of Hinduism, which began after the collapse of the Empire of Harsha in the 7th century, [171] and ended in the 13th century with the rise of the Delhi Sultanate in Northern India; [172] the beginning of Imperial Kannauj, leading to the Tripartite struggle; and the end of the Later Cholas with the ...
The Vedic period, or the Vedic age (c. 1500 – c. 500 BCE), is the period in the late Bronze Age and early Iron Age of the history of India when the Vedic literature, including the Vedas (c. 1500 –900 BCE), was composed in the northern Indian subcontinent, between the end of the urban Indus Valley Civilisation and a second urbanisation, which began in the central Indo-Gangetic Plain c. 600 BCE.
According to Sundararajan, Hinduism is also known as the Vedic religion. [50] Other authors state that the Vedas contain "the fundamental truths about Hindu Dharma" [note 8] which is called "the modern version of the ancient Vedic Dharma" [52] The Arya Samaj recognizes the Vedic religion as true Hinduism. [53] Nevertheless, according to Jamison ...