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A large UK study from September found that moderate caffeine consumption from coffee or tea reduced the risk of developing multiple cardiometabolic diseases such as heart disease, stroke and diabetes.
There is no standard value for "a cup of coffee." The caffeine content of cola drinks and most energy drinks can be difficult to determine, because in many cases the labels do not indicate the dose per serving. Caffeine doses in these beverages range from 20 to 30 mg in some soft drinks, up to 350 mg or more in some energy drinks.
Caffeine is found naturally in various plants such as coffee and tea. Studies have found that 89 percent of adults in the U.S. consume on average 200 mg of caffeine daily. [2] One area of concern that has been presented is the relationship between pregnancy and caffeine consumption.
The health effects of coffee include various possible health benefits and health risks. [ 1 ] A 2017 umbrella review of meta-analyses found that drinking coffee is generally safe within usual levels of intake and is more likely to improve health outcomes than to cause harm at doses of 3 or 4 cups of coffee daily.
High caffeine consumption in energy drinks (at least one liter or 320 mg of caffeine) was associated with short-term cardiovascular side effects including hypertension, prolonged QT interval, and heart palpitations. These cardiovascular side effects were not seen with smaller amounts of caffeine consumption in energy drinks (less than 200 mg). [79]
Cardiovascular effects can range from increased heart rate and reactivity to severe cardiac arrhythmia. [10] The cognitive effects of caffeine include increased performance in memory, attention, and text reading. [11] The physical effects of caffeine include lowered sensations of pain, less perceived effort, and increased muscle strength and ...
According to the USDA National Nutrient Database, a 240-millilitre (8 US fl oz) cup of "coffee brewed from grounds" contains 95 mg caffeine, whereas an espresso (25 mL) contains 53 mg. [189] According to an article in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association, coffee has the following caffeine content, depending on how it is prepared: [186]
Caffeine Properties Chemical formula. C 8 H 10 N 4 O 2: Molar mass: 194.194 g·mol −1 Appearance Odorless, white needles or powder Density: ... 192 mg/kg (rat, oral ...