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  2. Evolution of metal ions in biological systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_Metal_Ions_in...

    Metals have become so central to cellular function that the collection of metal-binding proteins (referred to as the metallomes) accounts for over 30% of all proteins in the cell. Metals are known to be involved in over 40% of enzymatic reactions, and metal-binding proteins carry out at least one step in almost all biological pathways. [1]

  3. Magnesium in biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium_in_biology

    Mg 2+ may be taken up into cells immediately (symplastic pathway) or may travel as far as the Casparian band (4) before being absorbed into cells (apoplastic pathway; 2). The concentration of Mg 2+ in the root cells is probably buffered by storage in root cell vacuoles (3). Note that cells in the root tip do not contain vacuoles.

  4. Magnetosome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetosome

    These crystals can either be made of iron oxide or sulfide. The MTB may either have iron oxide or sulfide but not both. Certain subgroups of the Pseudomonadota in the domain of Bacteria have been found through analyses of the MTB’s RNA to only use iron oxide which is the more common material. Another smaller subdivision of the Pseudomonadota ...

  5. Biometal (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biometal_(biology)

    Sodium is a metal where humans have discovered a great deal of its total roles in the body as well as being one of the only two alkali metals that play a major role in the bodily functions. It plays an important role in maintenance of the cell membrane potential and the electrochemical gradient in the body via the sodium-potassium pump and ...

  6. Metalloprotein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalloprotein

    The structure of hemoglobin.The heme cofactor, containing the metal iron, shown in green.. Metalloprotein is a generic term for a protein that contains a metal ion cofactor. [1] [2] A large proportion of all proteins are part of this category.

  7. Biological roles of the elements - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_roles_of_the...

    Traditionally used in medicine and dental fillings, it is now avoided due to toxic side effects. [11] Can inactivate certain enzymes, as a result, both the metal and some compounds (especially methylmercury) are harmful to most life forms; there is a long and complex history of mercury poisoning in humans. [11] molybdenum: 42: 5

  8. Magnesium oxide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium_oxide

    Magnesium oxide (Mg O), or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium (see also oxide). It has an empirical formula of MgO and consists of a lattice of Mg 2+ ions and O 2− ions held together by ionic bonding .

  9. Magnetite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetite

    The structure is inverse spinel, with O 2-ions forming a face-centered cubic lattice and iron cations occupying interstitial sites. Half of the Fe 3+ cations occupy tetrahedral sites while the other half, along with Fe 2+ cations, occupy octahedral sites. The unit cell consists of thirty-two O 2-ions and unit cell length is a = 0.839 nm. [15] [16]