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Carbon dioxide is a gaseous product of the body's metabolism and is normally expelled through the lungs. Carbon dioxide may accumulate in any condition that causes hypoventilation, a reduction of alveolar ventilation (the clearance of air from the small sacs of the lung where gas exchange takes place) as well as resulting from inhalation of CO 2.
Many people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have a low partial pressure of oxygen in the blood and high partial pressure of carbon dioxide.Treatment with supplemental oxygen may improve their well-being; alternatively, in some this can lead to the adverse effect of elevating the carbon dioxide content in the blood (hypercapnia) to levels that may become toxic.
The true number of cases of carbon monoxide poisoning is unknown, since many non-lethal exposures go undetected. [29] [52] From the available data, carbon monoxide poisoning is the most common cause of injury and death due to poisoning worldwide. [53] Poisoning is typically more common during the winter months.
Each year in the United States, more than 100,000 people visit the emergency department due to accidental carbon monoxide, or CO, poisoning, and at least 400 people die from unintentional CO ...
[1] [2] Smoke, chlorine, phosgene, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and ammonia are common irritants. Depending on the type and amount of irritant gas inhaled, victims can experience symptoms ranging from minor respiratory discomfort to acute airway and lung injury and even death.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, hundreds of people die each year from accidental carbon monoxide poisoning in the U.S., and thousands more are hospitalized. Between ...
As carbon monoxide binds with hemoglobin hundreds of times tighter than oxygen, it can prevent the carriage of oxygen. [68] Carbon monoxide poisoning can occur acutely, as with smoke intoxication, or over a period of time, as with cigarette smoking. Due to physiological processes, carbon monoxide is maintained at a resting level of 4–6 ppm.
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