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Schematic drawing of a hydrometer. The lower the density of the fluid, the deeper the weighted float B sinks. The depth is read off the scale A.. A hydrometer or lactometer is an instrument used for measuring density or relative density of liquids based on the concept of buoyancy.
The elevator paradox relates to a hydrometer placed on an "elevator" or vertical conveyor that, by moving to different elevations, changes the atmospheric pressure. In this classic demonstration, the floating hydrometer remains at an equilibrium position. Essentially, a hydrometer measures specific gravity of liquids independent of barometric ...
On this scale, a specific gravity of 1.000 is reported as 0, and a specific gravity of 2.000 is reported as 200. [1] For example, concentrated sulfuric acid with a specific gravity of 1.8 has a Twaddell scale measurement of 160, reflecting the linear relationship between readings and specific gravity. The Twaddell scale is used exclusively for ...
hydrometer: specific gravity of liquids (density of liquids) hygrometer: humidity inclinometer: angle of a slope inkometer: ink interferometer: wave interference infrared thermometer: heat radiated katharometer: composition of gases lactometer: specific gravity of milk light meter: light (in photography) linear position transducer: speed of ...
Baumé degrees (light) was calibrated with 0 °Bé (light) being the density of 10% NaCl in water by mass and 10 °Bé (light) set to the density of water. Consider, at near room temperature: +100 °Bé (specific gravity, 3.325) would be among the densest fluids known (except some liquid metals), such as diiodomethane .
However it cannot be said they measure specific gravity (disregarding the gradation) since specific gravity is based on the density of a reference of which any given hydrometer is not unless it is designated a reference such as the kilogram mass. It should be worded clearly as to differentiate relative density as used in the principle and in ...
Hydrostatic pressure, also gravity pressure or gravity pressure, occurs within a stationary fluid. It is caused by gravity and depends on the density and height of the liquid column. The mass of the fluid does not matter - see also hydrostatic paradox - i. e. not the total weight of the liquid in the container, but the filling level is decisive.
The hydrometer is then removed, wiped dry, and placed in the liquid whose density is to be determined. A weight (x) sufficient to sink the hydrometer to the same marked point is placed in the pan. The density (D) of the second liquid is then given by D = (W + x) / (W + w). [1] The Fahrenheit hydrometer can be made of either glass or metal.