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A muscle cell, also known as a myocyte, is a mature contractile cell in the muscle of an animal. [1] In humans and other vertebrates there are three types: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac (cardiomyocytes). [2] A skeletal muscle cell is long and threadlike with many nuclei and is called a muscle fiber. [3]
Skeletal muscle cells are the individual contractile cells within a muscle, and are often termed as muscle fibers. [3] A single muscle such as the biceps in a young adult male contains around 253,000 muscle fibers. [22] Skeletal muscle fibers are multinucleated with the nuclei often referred to as myonuclei.
Striated skeletal muscle cells in microscopic view. Skeletal muscle is broadly classified into two fiber types: type I (slow-twitch) and type II (fast-twitch). Type I, slow-twitch, slow oxidative, or red muscle is dense with capillaries and is rich in mitochondria and myoglobin, giving the muscle tissue its characteristic red color.
Skeletal muscle, is a type of striated muscle, composed of muscle cells, called muscle fibers, which are in turn composed of myofibrils. Myofibrils are composed of sarcomeres, the basic building blocks of striated muscle tissue. Upon stimulation by an action potential, skeletal muscles perform a coordinated contraction by shortening each sarcomere.
A single satellite cell can proliferate and become a larger amount of muscle cells. [28] With the understanding that myosatellite cells are the progenitor of most skeletal muscle cells, it was theorized that if these cells could be grown in a lab and placed on scaffolds to make fibers, the muscle cells could then be used for food production. [29]
The human musculoskeletal system (also known as the human locomotor system, and previously the activity system) is an organ system that gives humans the ability to move using their muscular and skeletal systems. The musculoskeletal system provides form, support, stability, and movement to the body.
Actin, alpha skeletal muscle is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACTA1 gene. [5] [6] Actin alpha 1 which is expressed in skeletal muscle is one of six different actin isoforms which have been identified. Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in cell motility, structure and integrity.
[14] [15] There are between 600 and 840 muscles within the typical human body, depending on how they are counted. [ 16 ] [ 17 ] [ 18 ] In the present table, using statistical counts of the instances of each muscle, and ignoring gender-specific muscles, there are 753 skeletal muscles.