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The 1562 map of the Americas, created by Spanish cartographer Diego Gutiérrez, which applied the name California for the first time.. California was the name given to a mythical island populated only by beautiful Amazon warriors, as depicted in Greek myths, using gold tools and weapons in the popular early 16th-century romance novel Las Sergas de Esplandián (The Adventures of Esplandián) by ...
Present-day Baja California of Mexico was misrepresented in early maps as an island.This example c. 1650. Restored. The first European explorers, flying the flags of Spain and of England, sailed along the coast of California from the early 16th century to the mid-18th century, but no European settlements were established.
Before 1768: An enlargeable territorial map of California tribal groups and languages prior to European contact within the modern day borders. Before 1768: An enlargeable map of the world showing the dividing lines for; Pope Alexander VI's Inter caetera papal bull (1493), the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494), and the Treaty of Saragossa (1529).
They first came overland along the Oregon Trail, settling primarily in the rich Willamette Valley south of today's Portland. By 1841, the first overland party of American settlers reached California along what became the California Trail, and by the mid-1840s significant numbers of Americans were arriving in California.
The ad hoc territorial legislature, which would become the first legislature of the State of California after admission, first met on December 15, 1849, at San Jose, California. The first American governor of California was Peter Hardeman Burnett, who was inaugurated as the first civilian governor on December 20, 1849, prior to statehood, and ...
Whitney organized the first comprehensive survey of California, and the first complete topographic maps of the state were completed under him. Mount Whitney, the tallest peak in California is named after him. The State Mining Bureau was established in 1880, and the position of State Geologist was changed to State Mineralogist.
In 1542, Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo first sailed the coast of California for New Spain and in 1602, Sebastián Vizcaíno mapped the coast for the Spanish Empire. Jose Antonio Yorba (1746–1825), known also as Don José Antonio Yorba I, was an early colonizer of Spanish California (then known as Alta California).
The borders encompass the historic homelands of the Indigenous peoples of California, in numerous tribal territories present for over 10,000 years. The region was claimed for Spain in 1542, later becoming a Spanish colony (1768—1821), a territory of independent Mexico (1821—1848), and a provisional territory of the U.S. (1848-1850).