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α-Amylase is an enzyme (EC 3.2.1.1; systematic name 4-α-D-glucan glucanohydrolase) that hydrolyses α bonds of large, α-linked polysaccharides, such as starch and glycogen, yielding shorter chains thereof, dextrins, and maltose, through the following biochemical process: [2]
Alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) is a low-molecular-weight enzyme (approximately 45kDa) that cleaves the alpha-D-(1–4) glycan linkage of starch and glycogen. It has been in use as a diagnostic enzyme longer than any of the other enzymes. It is found in very high concentration in the pancreas in dogs and cats.
Alpha-amylase is widespread among living organisms. In the digestive systems of humans and many other mammals, an alpha-amylase called ptyalin is produced by the salivary glands, whereas pancreatic amylase is secreted by the pancreas into the small intestine. The optimum pH of alpha-amylase is 6.7–7.0.
Amylase enzymes are categorized into 3 main classes—alpha-, beta-, and gamma amylases—each targeting distinct segments of the carbohydrate molecule. Alpha amylase is present in humans, animals, plants, and microbes, whereas beta amylase is primarily found in microbes and plants.
What Is Alpha Amylase Enzyme And Its Uses? Amylase, any member of a category of enzymes that catalyse the chemical reaction (splitting of a compound by addition of a water molecule) of starch into smaller saccharide molecules like maltose (a molecule composed of two glucose molecules).
Alpha-amylase is used in large quantities in the production of high fructose corn syrup, a mixture of sugars created from corn that is similar in taste and sweetness to the sucrose obtained from sugar beets and sugar cane. The process requires three steps, each performed by a different enzyme.
The pancreas and salivary gland make amylase (alpha amylase) to hydrolyse dietary starch into disaccharides and trisaccharides which are converted by other enzymes to glucose to supply the body with energy. Plants and some bacteria also produce amylase.
Alpha-amylase is widespread among living organisms. In the digestive systems of humans and many other mammals, an alpha-amylase called ptyalin is produced by the salivary glands, whereas pancreatic amylase is secreted by the pancreas into the small intestine.
Alpha-amylase genes comprise four subtypes in cereal grasses and three in dicot species.
α-Amylase (Alpha-Amylase) Specific form of amylase: α-Amylase is a specific type of amylase enzyme found in humans and some other animals. Human role: In humans, α-amylase is produced in two main places: Salivary glands: Where it begins the digestion of starches as soon as you start chewing food.