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In geometry, Euler's theorem states that the distance d between the circumcenter and incenter of a triangle is given by [1] [2] = or equivalently + + =, where and denote the circumradius and inradius respectively (the radii of the circumscribed circle and inscribed circle respectively).
For any choice of trilinear coordinates x : y : z to locate a point, the actual distances of the point from the sidelines are given by a' = kx, b' = ky, c' = kz where k can be determined by the formula = + + in which a, b, c are the respective sidelengths BC, CA, AB, and ∆ is the area of ABC.
The Euclidean distance gives Euclidean space the structure of a topological space, the Euclidean topology, with the open balls (subsets of points at less than a given distance from a given point) as its neighborhoods. [26] Comparison of Chebyshev, Euclidean and taxicab distances for the hypotenuse of a 3-4-5 triangle on a chessboard
Triangulation may be used to find the position of the ship when the positions of A and B are known. An observer at A measures the angle α, while the observer at B measures β. The position of any vertex of a triangle can be calculated if the position of one side, and two angles, are known.
The distance formula in Cartesian coordinates is derived from the Pythagorean theorem. [36] If (x 1, y 1) and (x 2, y 2) are points in the plane, then the distance between them, also called the Euclidean distance, is given by + ().
A detailed contemporary collection of constructions for the determination of lengths from a distance using this instrument is known, the Dioptra of Hero of Alexandria (c. 10 –70 AD), which survived in Arabic translation; but the knowledge became lost in Europe until in 1615 Snellius, after the work of Eratosthenes, reworked the technique for ...
Given two congruent triangles, all pairs of corresponding interior angles are equal in measure, and all pairs of corresponding sides have the same length. This is a total of six equalities, but three are often sufficient to prove congruence.
In this system, an arbitrary point O (the origin) is chosen on a given line. The coordinate of a point P is defined as the signed distance from O to P, where the signed distance is the distance taken as positive or negative depending on which side of the line P lies. Each point is given a unique coordinate and each real number is the coordinate ...