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The wing was tested for a total of 47500 flights which is 2.5 times the number of flights in 25 years of operation. Each 16 hour flight took 11 minutes to simulate on the fatigue test rig. [1] Fatigue testing is a specialised form of mechanical testing that is performed by applying cyclic loading to a coupon or structure.
Basquin's law of fatigue states that the lifetime of the system has a power-law dependence on the external load amplitude, , where the exponent has a strong material dependence. [1] It is useful in expressing S-N relationships .
It is the result of the process of fatigue due to rolling/sliding contact. [2] [3] The RCF process begins with cyclic loading of the material, which results in fatigue damage that can be observed in crack-like flaws, like white etching cracks. [2] These flaws can grow into larger cracks under further loading, potentially leading to fractures ...
Low cycle fatigue (LCF) has two fundamental characteristics: plastic deformation in each cycle; and low cycle phenomenon, in which the materials have finite endurance for this type of load. The term cycle refers to repeated applications of stress that lead to eventual fatigue and failure; low-cycle pertains to a long period between applications.
The stress intensity factor at the crack tip of a compact tension specimen is [4] = [() / / + / / + /] where is the applied load, is the thickness of the specimen, is the crack length, and is the effective width of the specimen being the distance between the centreline of the holes and the backface of the coupon.
Fatigue tests on coupons are typically conducted using servo hydraulic test machines which are capable of applying large variable amplitude cyclic loads. [4] Constant amplitude testing can also be applied by simpler oscillating machines. The fatigue life of a coupon is the number of cycles it takes to break the coupon. This data can be used for ...
The Zwick Roell Group is a manufacturer of static testing machines and systems for materials and components testing used to evaluate the mechanical and physical properties and performance of materials and components.
Impact testing Izod test; Charpy test; Fracture toughness testing Linear-elastic (K Ic) K–R curve; Elastic plastic (J Ic, CTOD) Creep Testing, for the mechanical behaviour of materials at high temperatures (relative to their melting point) Fatigue Testing, for the behaviour of materials under cyclic loading Load-controlled smooth specimen tests