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Radical mastectomy is a surgical procedure that treats breast cancer by removing the breast and its underlying chest muscle (including pectoralis major and pectoralis minor), and lymph nodes of the axilla (armpit). Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women.
Mastectomy is the medical term for the surgical removal of one or both breasts, partially or completely.A mastectomy is usually carried out to treat breast cancer. [1] [2] In some cases, women believed to be at high risk of breast cancer choose to have the operation as a preventive measure. [1]
William Stewart Halsted, M.D. (September 23, 1852 – September 7, 1922) was an American surgeon who emphasized strict aseptic technique during surgical procedures, was an early champion of newly discovered anesthetics, and introduced several new operations, including the radical mastectomy for breast cancer.
Jerome Urban (1914-1991) was an American surgical oncologist who promoted superradical mastectomies until 1963, when the lack of difference in ten-year survival rates convinced him that it worked no better than the less-mutilating radical mastectomy. [1] [2]
Since the late 19th century, breast cancer had been treated with the Halsted radical mastectomy, named for its originator, Dr. William Stewart Halsted (1852–1922), a famous surgeon at Johns Hopkins Hospital. This procedure involved the removal not only of the entire breast but also the underarm lymph nodes and chest wall muscles.
Prior to 1981, there existed limited evidence that breast-conserving surgery was an acceptable alternative to radical mastectomy for treatment of early stage breast cancer. Dr. Umberto Veronesi , an Italian oncologist, challenged this notion and led a clinical trial comparing the radical mastectomy with breast-conserving surgery (which was ...
Breast-conserving surgery, a less radical cancer surgery than mastectomy; Lumpectomy; Mastectomy; Mastopexy, or breast lift surgery; Microdochectomy (removal of a lactiferous duct) [1] Surgery for breast abscess, including incision and drainage as well as excision of lactiferous ducts; Surgical breast biopsy
After Rose Kushner's June 1974 discovery of a cancerous lump in her breast, breast cancer became the focus of her life.On the basis of her library research into breast cancer treatment, she objected to the treatment which was then standard, in which a tumor biopsy and radical mastectomy were performed in a single surgical operation while the patient was under anesthesia.