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Masada (Hebrew: מְצָדָה məṣādā, 'fortress'; Arabic: جبل مسعدة) [1] is an ancient fortification in southern Israel, situated on top of an isolated rock plateau, akin to a mesa. It is located on the eastern edge of the Judaean Desert , overlooking the Dead Sea 20 km (12 miles) east of Arad .
A fortress in nearby Latrun, 12th century; Safed, 1168–1188 and 1240–1266; Chastellet du Gué de Jacob near Safed, 1178–1179; Tour de la Quarantaine , east of Jerusalem; Tell es-Safi (Blanchegarde) Properties in Acre, Israel, including the still-extant Templar Tunnel [1] [2]
Sidon's Sea Castle built by the crusaders as a fortress of the Holy Land in Sidon, Lebanon. There were two major phases of the deliberate destruction of Crusader castles: in 1187 by Saladin and after 1260 by the Mamluks. The intention was often to prevent the castles being reused by the Crusaders. [2]
Uruk in ancient Sumer (Mesopotamia) is one of the world's oldest known walled cities. The Ancient Egyptians also built fortresses on the frontiers of the Nile Valley to protect against invaders from neighbouring territories, as well as circle-shaped mud brick walls around their cities. Many of the fortifications of the ancient world were built ...
Betar (Biblical Hebrew: בֵּיתַּר, romanized: Bēttar), also spelled Beitar, Bethar or Bether, was an ancient Jewish town in the Judaean Mountains. Continuously inhabited since the Iron Age, [1] it was the last standing stronghold of the Bar Kokhba revolt, and was destroyed by the Imperial Roman Army under Hadrian in 135 CE. [2] [3] [4]
List of the strongholds or dar al-hijra of the Order of Assassins in Persia (Iran) and Syria. Most of the Persian Ismaili castles were in the Alborz mountains, in the regions of Daylaman (particularly, in Alamut and Rudbar; north of modern-day Qazvin ) and Quhistan (south of Khurasan ), as well as in Qumis .
The name "Geshur" is found primarily in biblical sources and has been taken to mean "stronghold or fortress". [10] The Bible describes it as being near Bashan, adjoining the province of Argob (Deuteronomy 3:14) and the kingdom of Aram or Syria (2 Samuel 15:8; 1 Chronicles 2:23).
Markeli Roman fortress, Karnobat; Oescus Roman fortress, Gigen; Pliska capital city castle and fortress; Plovdiv fortifications and walls - Eastern gate of Philippopolis, Hisar Kapia and Nebet Tepe; Preslav capital city castle and fortress; Nesebar town fortress; Nicopolis ad Istrum Roman fortress and town, Nikyup, Veliko Tarnovo