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The arrangement consists of a number of simple impulse turbines in series mounted on a common shaft. The exit steam from one turbine is made to enter the nozzle of the succeeding turbine. Each of the simple impulse turbines would then be termed a "stage" of the turbine. Each stage comprises its ring of nozzle and blades.
The impulse energy of the water jet exerts torque on the bucket-and-wheel system, spinning the wheel; the water jet does a "u-turn" and exits at the outer sides of the bucket, decelerated to a low velocity. In the process, the water jet's momentum is transferred to the wheel and hence to a turbine. Thus, "impulse" energy does work on the turbine.
Fig-4: Velocity Diagram of Pressure compounded Impulse Turbine. The velocity diagram shown in figure 4 gives detail about the various components of steam velocity and Blade velocity. where, symbols have the same meaning as given above. An important point to note from the above velocity diagram is that the fluid exit angle (δ) is 90⁰.
A selection of impulse turbine blades. An impulse turbine has fixed nozzles that orient the steam flow into high speed jets. These jets contain significant kinetic energy, which is converted into shaft rotation by the bucket-like shaped rotor blades, as the steam jet changes direction.
A steam turbine with the case opened Humming of a small pneumatic turbine used in a German 1940s-vintage safety lamp. A turbine (/ ˈ t ɜːr b aɪ n / or / ˈ t ɜːr b ɪ n /) (from the Greek τύρβη, tyrbē, or Latin turbo, meaning vortex) [1] [2] is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work.
The losses occur in an actual turbine due to disc and bearing friction. Figure shows the energy flow diagram for the impulse stage of an axial turbine. Numbers in brackets indicate the order of energy or loss corresponding to 100 units of isentropic work (h 01 – h 03ss). Energy flow diagram for the impulse stage of an axial turbine
The first impulse type turbine was created by Carl Gustaf de Laval in 1883. This was closely followed by the first practical reaction type turbine in 1884, built by Charles Parsons . Parsons’ first design was a multi-stage axial-flow unit, which George Westinghouse acquired and began manufacturing in 1895, while General Electric acquired de ...
The factual accuracy of this diagram or the file name is disputed. Reason: Überdruckturbine: die oberste Grafik zeigt eine Turbine mit Reaktionsgrad 1, der Druckverlauf unten zeigt eine Turbine mit Reaktionsgrad 0.5.