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  2. Economies of scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economies_of_scale

    Economies of scale is related to and can easily be confused with the theoretical economic notion of returns to scale. Where economies of scale refer to a firm's costs, returns to scale describe the relationship between inputs and outputs in a long-run (all inputs variable) production function.

  3. Intensive crop farming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensive_crop_farming

    Intensive crop farming is a modern industrialized form of crop farming.Intensive crop farming's methods include innovation in agricultural machinery, farming methods, genetic engineering technology, techniques for achieving economies of scale in production, the creation of new markets for consumption, patent protection of genetic information, and global trade.

  4. Industrial agriculture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_agriculture

    Industrial agriculture is a form of modern farming that refers to the industrialized production of crops and animals and animal products like eggs or milk.The methods of industrial agriculture include innovation in agricultural machinery and farming methods, genetic technology, techniques for achieving economies of scale in production, the creation of new markets for consumption, the ...

  5. Plantation economy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantation_economy

    Plantation economies are factory-like, industrialised and centralised forms of agriculture, [citation needed] owned by large corporations or affluent owners. Under normal circumstances, plantation economies are not as efficient as small farm holdings, since there is immense difficulty in proper supervision of labour over a large land area.

  6. Minimum efficient scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum_efficient_scale

    Economies of scale refers to the cost advantage arise from increasing amount of production. Mathematically, it is a situation in which the firm can double its output for less than doubling the cost, which brings cost advantages. Usually, economies of scale can be represented in connection with a cost-production elasticity, Ec. [3]

  7. Returns to scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Returns_to_scale

    For example, if there are increasing returns to scale in some range of output levels, but the firm is so big in one or more input markets that increasing its purchases of an input drives up the input's per-unit cost, then the firm could have diseconomies of scale in that range of output levels.

  8. Theory of the firm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_the_firm

    Scope economies, or economies of scope, describe the aspect of production wherein cost savings result from the scope of an enterprise, as opposed to its scale (see economies of scale). Meaning, there are economies of scope where it is less expensive for firms to combine two or more product lines into one, than it is to produce each product ...

  9. Localization and Urbanization Economies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Localization_and...

    Localization and Urbanization Economies are two types of external economies of scale, or agglomeration economies. External economies of scale result from an increase in the productivity of an entire industry, region, or economy due to factors outside of an individual company. There are three sources of external economies of scale: input sharing ...