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Occupancy sensor types include: PIR sensors, which work on heat difference detection, measuring infrared radiation.Inside the device is a pyroelectric sensor which can detect the sudden presence of objects (such as humans) who radiate a temperature different from the temperature of the background, such as the room temperature of a wall.
Examples of implicit occupancy sensors includes CO 2 sensors and Wi-Fi-connected device count. [1] The selection of occupancy sensing devices depends on the size of the space being monitored, the budget for sensors, the desired accuracy, the goal of the sensor (detecting occupant presence or count), and security considerations.
Public buildings such as hospitals frequently save energy by using motion detector switches, also known as occupancy sensors. The occupancy sensors can also be used in residential applications such as in bathrooms, garages, and hallways. [14] A wireless light switch provides remote control of lighting using a hand-held transmitter.
In the paper "Energy savings due to occupancy sensors and personal controls: a pilot field study", Galasiu, A.D. and Newsham, G.R have confirmed that automatic lighting systems including occupancy sensors and individual (personal) controls are suitable for open-plan office environments and can save a significant amount of energy (about 32% ...
A temperature sensor in the zone provides feedback to the controller, so it can deliver heating or cooling as needed. If enabled, morning warmup (MWU) mode occurs prior to occupancy. During morning warmup the BAS tries to bring the building to setpoint just in time for occupancy. The BAS often factors in outdoor conditions and historical ...
The building owner can monitor the system and respond to alarms generated by the system from local or remote locations. The system can be scheduled for occupancy or the configuration can be changed from the BAS. Sometimes the BAS is directly controlling the HVAC components. Depending on the BAS different interfaces can be used. [4]
An automotive wiring diagram, showing useful information such as crimp connection locations and wire colors. These details may not be so easily found on a more schematic drawing. A wiring diagram is a simplified conventional pictorial representation of an electrical circuit. It shows the components of the circuit as simplified shapes, and the ...
Illustration of track circuit invented by William Robinson in 1872 Track circuit transformer on the right, new axle counter on the left (Slovenia).. A track circuit is an electrical device used to prove the absence of a train on a block of rail tracks to control railway signals.