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The proportionality factor is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid, often simply referred to as the viscosity. It is denoted by the Greek letter mu ( μ ). The dynamic viscosity has the dimensions ( m a s s / l e n g t h ) / t i m e {\displaystyle \mathrm {(mass/length)/time} } , therefore resulting in the SI units and the derived units :
In physics and chemistry, a non-Newtonian fluid is a fluid that does not follow Newton's law of viscosity, that is, it has variable viscosity dependent on stress. In particular, the viscosity of non-Newtonian fluids can change when subjected to force. Ketchup, for example, becomes runnier when shaken and is thus a non-Newtonian fluid.
In materials science and continuum mechanics, viscoelasticity is the property of materials that exhibit both viscous and elastic characteristics when undergoing deformation. Viscous materials, like water, resist both shear flow and strain linearly with time when a stress is applied.
Fluid mechanics is the branch of physics concerned with the mechanics of fluids (liquids, gases, and plasmas) and the forces on them. [1]: 3 It has applications in a wide range of disciplines, including mechanical, aerospace, civil, chemical, and biomedical engineering, as well as geophysics, oceanography, meteorology, astrophysics, and biology.
The higher the viscosity, the larger the damping imposed on the resonator. The resonator's damping may be measured by one of several methods: Measuring the power input necessary to keep the oscillator vibrating at a constant amplitude. The higher the viscosity, the more power is needed to maintain the amplitude of oscillation.
μ is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid (Pa·s = N·s/m 2 = kg/(m·s)); ν is the kinematic viscosity of the fluid, ν = μ / ρ (m 2 /s); ρ is the density of the fluid (kg/m 3). For such systems, laminar flow occurs when the Reynolds number is below a critical value of approximately 2,040, though the transition range is typically ...
Dynamic viscosity is a material property which describes the resistance of a fluid to shearing flows. It corresponds roughly to the intuitive notion of a fluid's 'thickness'. For instance, honey has a much higher viscosity than water. Viscosity is measured using a viscometer. Measured values span several orders of magnitude.
The viscosity model for dilute gas, that is shown above, is widely used throughout the industry and applied science communities. Therefore, many researchers do not specify a dilute gas viscosity model when they propose a total viscosity model, but leave it to the user to select and include the dilute gas contribution.