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  2. List of Swedish monarchs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Swedish_monarchs

    From 1389 to 1523, Sweden was often united with Denmark and Norway under the kings of the Kalmar Union. Sweden's full independence was restored under Gustav I in 1523. He is often credited as the founder of modern Sweden, [11] and in 1544 he formally abandoned the previous elective monarchy in favor of hereditary succession. [12]

  3. Monarchies in Europe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchies_in_Europe

    the kingdom of Sweden rose to the status of great power as the comparatively short-lived Swedish Empire due to the Thirty Years' War the kingdom of Denmark-Norway The House of Habsburg became the most influential royal dynasty in continental Europe by the 17th century, divided into the Spanish and Austrian branches.

  4. Swedish Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_Empire

    This empire contained about a quarter of the population of modern Sweden, at only 2,500,000 people, or about 2.3 people per square kilometer. However, Sweden's expansion had been possible partly due to turmoil and weakness in countries in its vicinity, and when they became more stable, they began to look for chances to regain what was lost. [7]

  5. List of Swedish governments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Swedish_governments

    This is a list of Swedish governments and rulers, from the end of the Kalmar Union until the breakthrough of parliamentarism. 1521-1523 : Regent Gustaf Eriksson Vasa (Continued as king) 1523-1560 : King Gustaf I of Sweden; 1560-1568 : King Eric XIV of Sweden; 1568-1592 : King John III of Sweden; 1592-1599 : King Sigismund of Sweden

  6. Monarchy of Sweden - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchy_of_Sweden

    However, there are thousands of runestones commemorating commoners, but no known chronicle [clarification needed] about the Swedish kings prior to the 14th century (though a list of kings was added in the Västgöta Law), and there is a relatively small number of runestones that are thought to mention kings: Gs 11 (Emund the Old – reigned ...

  7. List of Spanish monarchs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Spanish_monarchs

    On 1 October 1936, General Francisco Franco was proclaimed "Leader of Spain" (Spanish: Caudillo de España) in the parts of Spain controlled by the Nationalists (nacionales) after the Spanish Civil War broke out. At the end of the war, on 1 April 1939, Franco took control of the whole of Spain, ending the Second Republic.

  8. Family tree of German monarchs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_tree_of_German_monarchs

    King of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden: Ferdinand I 1503–1564 King in Germany r. 1531–1564 Holy Roman Emperor r. 1558–1564: Anne of Bohemia 1503–1547: Mary of Hungary 1505–1558: Louis II 1516–1526 King of Hungary: Isabella of Portugal 1503–1539: Charles V 1500–1558 King of Germany and Spain r. 1519–1556 Holy Roman Emperor r. 1519 ...

  9. Coronations in Europe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronations_in_Europe

    [N 1] Later rulers simply proclaimed themselves Electus Romanorum Imperator or "Elected Emperor of the Romans", without the formality of a coronation by the Pontiff. Coronations were held in Rome (under the pope), Milan (the Kingdom of Italy), Arles (Burgundy) and Aachen (Germany). Although the Roman ceremony was initially the most important ...