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Vietnam War resisters in Canada were American draft evaders and military deserters who avoided serving in the Vietnam War by seeking political asylum in Canada between 1965 and 1975. Draft avoiders were typically college -educated and middle class Americans who could no longer avoid conscription . [ 1 ]
Approximately 20,000 American draft evaders sought asylum in Canada after being called up in the Vietnam War draft. [12] American draft evaders of the Vietnam War were later pardoned by US President Jimmy Carter in 1977, several years after the conflict ended, with Proclamation 4483 .
Draft evader Ken Kiask spent eight years traveling continuously across the Global South before returning to the U.S. [40] The number of Vietnam-era draft evaders leaving for Canada is hotly contested. [41] Estimates range from a floor of 30,000 to a ceiling of 100,000, depending in part on who is being counted as a draft evader. [42]
[33] [34] As a counselor for the Programme, Mark Satin wrote the Manual for Draft-Age Immigrants to Canada in 1968. [35] [36] It sold nearly 100,000 copies overall. [37] [3] In 1970, Canadian singer Gordon Lightfoot recorded his song "Sit Down Young Stranger" to express his views on Canada's acceptance of American draft evaders. [citation needed]
The Manual for Draft-Age Immigrants to Canada, published jointly by the Toronto Anti-Draft Programme and the House of Anansi Press, sold nearly 100,000 copies, [150] [151] and one sociologist found that the Manual had been read by over 55% of his data sample of US Vietnam War emigrants either before or after they arrived in Canada. [152]
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The draft ended in 1918, but the Army designed the modern draft mechanism in 1926 and built it based on military needs, despite an era of pacifism. Working where Congress would not, it gathered a cadre of officers for its nascent Joint Army-Navy Selective Service Committee, most of whom were commissioned based on social standing rather than ...
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