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Ship with tourists, Victoria Harbour, Hong Kong, 2024. Pollutants from marine vessels are main sources of air pollution in Hong Kong. As per the Clean Air Network, 53% of Hong Kong's pollution comes from local sources – power stations, idling engines of cars, trucks and buses and marine emissions as of 2012.
Thailand faces persistent air pollution stemming from agricultural burning, industrial emissions, and transportation. [3] Thailand's national standards for PM2.5 air quality were revised in 2022 and 2023, to adopt the World Health Organization (WHO) Interim Target 3 (IT-3) of 37.5 μg/m 3 and 15 μg/m 3 for 24 hour and annual measures, respectively.
The January 2024 version of the WHO database contains results of ambient (outdoor) air pollution monitoring from almost 5,390 towns and cities in 63 countries. Air quality in the database is represented by the annual mean concentration of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5, i.e. particles smaller than 10 or 2.5 micrometers, respectively). [1 ...
Air pollution can affect nearly every organ and system of the body, negatively affecting nature and humans alike. Air pollution is a particularly big problem in emerging and developing countries, where global environmental standards often cannot be met. The data in this list refers only to outdoor air quality and not indoor air quality, which ...
On December 30, 2013, Hong Kong replaced the Air Pollution Index with a new index called the Air Quality Health Index. [17] This index, reported by the Environmental Protection Department , is measured on a scale of 1 to 10+ and considers four air pollutants: ozone; nitrogen dioxide; sulfur dioxide and particulate matter (including PM10 and PM2.5).
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In Hong Kong, there were two types of API: General API and Roadside API. The EPD reported the latest APIs hourly. The index and the air quality objectives were set in 1987; and pollutant levels are measured over varying periods, in μg/m 3. There are hourly, 24-hour and annual targets for sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, and 24-hour and ...
Industrial growth has created high levels of air pollution in Thailand. Vehicles and factories contribute to air pollution, particularly in Bangkok, which experienced high levels of air pollution in the winter of 2019. [30] Recent research (2019) points to agricultural burning as the root cause of PM 2.5 pollution in Thailand.