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IO-Link is a short distance, bi-directional, digital, point-to-point, wired (or wireless), industrial communications networking standard (IEC 61131-9) used for connecting digital sensors and actuators to either a type of industrial fieldbus or a type of industrial Ethernet. [1]
Memory-mapped I/O is preferred in IA-32 and x86-64 based architectures because the instructions that perform port-based I/O are limited to one register: EAX, AX, and AL are the only registers that data can be moved into or out of, and either a byte-sized immediate value in the instruction or a value in register DX determines which port is the source or destination port of the transfer.
Bjarne Stroustrup, the creator of C++, wrote the first version of the stream I/O library in 1984, as a type-safe and extensible alternative to C's I/O library. [5] The library has undergone a number of enhancements since this early version, including the introduction of manipulators to control formatting, and templatization to allow its use with character types other than char.
Standard input is a stream from which a program reads its input data. The program requests data transfers by use of the read operation. Not all programs require stream input.
Comparison of the I/O memory management unit (IOMMU) to the memory management unit (MMU).. In computing, an input–output memory management unit (IOMMU) is a memory management unit (MMU) connecting a direct-memory-access–capable (DMA-capable) I/O bus to the main memory.
Connection-oriented communication; Blocking or Nonblocking read and write (choosable) Standard device I/O handles (ReadFile, WriteFile) Namespace used to create handles; Inefficient WAN traffic (explicit data transfer request, unlike e.g. TCP/IP sliding window, etc.) Peekable reads (read without removing from pipe's input buffer)
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Dynamic linking or late binding is linking performed while a program is being loaded or executed (), rather than when the executable file is created.A dynamically linked library (dynamic-link library, or DLL, under Windows and OS/2; shareable image under OpenVMS; [3] dynamic shared object, or DSO, under Unix-like systems) is a library intended for dynamic linking.