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Lymphedema is most frequently a complication of cancer treatment or parasitic infections, but it can also be seen in a number of genetic disorders. Tissues with lymphedema are at high risk of infection because the lymphatic system has been compromised. [3] Though incurable and progressive, a number of treatments may improve symptoms. [2]
When it occurs in the intestines it is known as intestinal lymphangiectasia, colloquially recognized as Waldmann's disease in cases where there is no secondary cause. [3] The primary defect lies in the inability of the lymphatic system to adequately drain lymph, resulting in its subsequent accumulation and leakage into the intestinal lumen. [ 3 ]
Hypothyroidism can also cause chronic constipation because of sluggish, slower, or weaker colon contractions. Iron supplements or increased blood calcium levels are also potential causes. Spinal cord injury is a common cause of constipation, due to ileus. [citation needed]
In addition, a low-residue diet is often prescribed before and/or after abdominal surgery or cancer treatments. A low-fiber diet is a low-residue diet eliminating dietary fiber in particular. The terms are not always distinguished, but when they are, a low-residue diet will include additional restrictions on foods such as dairy products, which ...
Causes of constipation may include faecal impaction and bowel obstruction, which may in turn be caused by ileus, intussusception, volvulus. Inflammatory bowel disease is a condition of unknown aetiology, classified as either Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis , that can affect the intestines and other parts of the gastrointestinal tract.
Clinical features mimic those seen with mechanical intestinal obstructions and can include abdominal pain, nausea, abdominal distension, vomiting, dysphagia and constipation [2] [3] depending upon the part of the gastrointestinal tract involved. It is a difficult condition to diagnose, requiring exclusion of any other mechanical cause of ...
Stercoral ulcers can lead to a complication known as stercoral colitis. Stercoral colitis is a relatively rare form of inflammatory colitis that can develop as a result of chronic constipation leading to the formation of hardened stool, known as fecaloma. Fecalomas can then lead to distention, possibly causing focal necrosis and
Primary lymphedema is a form of lymphedema which is not directly attributable to another medical condition. It can be divided into three forms, depending upon age of onset: congenital lymphedema, lymphedema praecox, and lymphedema tarda. [1] Congenital lymphedema presents at birth. Lymphedema praecox presents from ages 1 to 35.