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In probability theory, the birthday problem asks for the probability that, in a set of n randomly chosen people, at least two will share the same birthday. The birthday paradox refers to the counterintuitive fact that only 23 people are needed for that probability to exceed 50%.
Birthday paradox: In a random group of only 23 people, there is a better than 50/50 chance two of them have the same birthday. Borel's paradox : Conditional probability density functions are not invariant under coordinate transformations.
A birthday attack is a bruteforce collision attack that exploits the mathematics behind the birthday problem in probability theory. This attack can be used to abuse communication between two or more parties. The attack depends on the higher likelihood of collisions found between random attack attempts and a fixed degree of permutations ...
An example is the birthday problem, which shows that the probability of two persons having the same birthday already exceeds 50% in a group of only 23 persons. [4] Generalizations of the birthday problem are a key tool used for mathematically modelling coincidences. [5]
Each girl was born on the same day, exactly three years apart. That's right — Sophia, 9, Giuliana, 6, Mia, 3, and Valentina, 2.5 weeks old — have the exact same birthday.
Berkson's paradox; Bertrand paradox (probability) Bertrand's box paradox; Birthday problem; Borel–Kolmogorov paradox; Boy or girl paradox; E. Ellsberg paradox;
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“This is an exciting time for any family, but it’s extra special for this family because they all share the same birthday,” the post reads. “That’s right! On Sunday, Dec. 18, a chance ...