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Zelman v. Simmons-Harris, 536 U.S. 639 (2002), was a 5–4 decision of the United States Supreme Court that upheld an Ohio program that used school vouchers.The Court decided that the program did not violate the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment, as long as parents using the program were allowed to choose among a range of secular and religious schools.
The decision was the first to hold that the Establishment Clause was applicable against the states. It is also remembered as the first Supreme Court case to attempt an explanation of the Establishment Clause. [4] They held that the New Jersey law providing reimbursement to transportation to all students was not a violation of the establishment ...
Ohio University, the first university in the Northwest Territory, was also the first public institution in Ohio. Substantively, Ohio's system is similar to those found in other states. At the State level, the Ohio Department of Education, which is overseen by the Ohio State Board of Education, governs primary and secondary educational ...
The United States Constitution and its amendments comprise hundreds of clauses which outline the functioning of the United States Federal Government, the political relationship between the states and the national government, and affect how the United States federal court system interprets the law. When a particular clause becomes an important ...
American Civil Liberties Union of Ohio and The Rev. Matthew Peterson v. Capitol Square Review & Advisory Board; American Family Ass'n v. City and County of San Francisco; American Jewish Congress v. Bost; American Legion v. American Humanist Association; Arizona Christian School Tuition Organization v. Winn; Aronow v. United States
For decades the Supreme Court has entangled itself in establishment-clause decisions that have been, in the words of Alice in Wonderland, curiouser and curiouser. On Wednesday, it can leaven with ...
Board of Education (1947), the Supreme Court incorporated the Establishment Clause (i.e., made it apply against the states): The 'establishment of religion' clause of the First Amendment means at least this: Neither a state nor the Federal Government can set up a church.
Everson v. Board of Education (1947) was the first case decided by the Court to apply the Establishment Clause prohibition to state laws. [2] The decision in Everson established two criteria to judge state legislation: the action must have a secular purpose, and that purpose must be the primary effect of the action. Following a 1971 decision by ...