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Calcium channel blockers (CCB), calcium channel antagonists or calcium antagonists [2] are a group of medications that disrupt the movement of calcium (Ca 2+ ) through calcium channels . [ 3 ] Calcium channel blockers are used as antihypertensive drugs , i.e., as medications to decrease blood pressure in patients with hypertension .
Class IV agents are slow non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers. They decrease conduction through the AV node , and shorten phase two (the plateau) of the cardiac action potential . They thus reduce the contractility of the heart, so may be inappropriate in heart failure.
ATC code C08 Calcium channel blockers is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products. [1] [2] [3] Subgroup C08 is part of the anatomical group C Cardiovascular system ...
It is a potent and mild vasodilator of coronary and peripheral vessels, respectively, [29] which reduces peripheral resistance and afterload, though not as potent as the dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel blockers. This results in minimal reflexive sympathetic changes. [citation needed]
Antihypertensive agents comprise multiple classes of compounds that are intended to manage hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy aims to maintain a blood pressure goal of <140/90 mmHg in all patients, as well as to prevent the progression or recurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in hypertensive patients with established CVD. [2]
L-type calcium channel blockers are used to treat hypertension. In most areas of the body, depolarization is mediated by sodium influx into a cell; changing the calcium permeability has little effect on action potentials. However, in many smooth muscle tissues, depolarization is mediated primarily by calcium influx into the cell.
Class I antiarrhymics lead to blockage of sodium channels. Class II antiarrhymatics are beta-adrenoceptor blockers. Class III antiarrhymics act as potassium channel blockers, while Class IV antiarrhymics are non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers. While the effects of these drugs may be antiarrhymic, they can also be proarrhymic in other ...
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