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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 25 January 2025. Chemical element with atomic number 10 (Ne) This article is about the chemical element. For other uses, see Neon (disambiguation). Chemical element with atomic number 10 (Ne) Neon, 10 Ne Neon Appearance colorless gas exhibiting an orange-red glow when placed in an electric field Standard ...
Neon has three main stable isotopes: 20 Ne, 21 Ne and 22 Ne, with 20 Ne produced by cosmic nucleogenic reactions, causing high abundance in the atmosphere. [ 97 ] [ 103 ] 21 Ne and 22 Ne are produced in the earth's crust as a result of interactions between alpha and neutron particles with light elements; 18 O, 19 F and 24,25 Mg. [ 104 ]
These gases can absorb infrared radiation from the Earth's surface as it passes through the atmosphere. The most influential greenhouse gas is water vapor. It frequently occurs in high concentrations, may transition to and from an aerosol (clouds), and is thus not generally classified as a trace gas.
Six nonmetals are classified as noble gases: helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and the radioactive radon. In conventional periodic tables they occupy the rightmost column. They are called noble gases due to their exceptionally low chemical reactivity .
Consistent with this classification, Kr, Xe, and Rn form compounds that can be isolated in bulk at or near standard temperature and pressure, whereas He, Ne, Ar have been observed to form true chemical bonds using spectroscopic techniques, but only when frozen into a noble gas matrix at temperatures of 40 K (−233 °C; −388 °F) or lower, in ...
Top: Lightning and neon lights are commonplace generators of plasma. Center left: A plasma globe, illustrating some of the more complex plasma phenomena, including filamentation. Center right: A plasma trail from the Space Shuttle Atlantis during re-entry into Earth's atmosphere, as seen from the International Space Station.
Atmospheric density decreases as the altitude increases. This variation can be approximately modeled using the barometric formula. More sophisticated models are used to predict the orbital decay of satellites. The average mass of the atmosphere is about 5 quadrillion (5 × 10 15) tonnes or 1/1,200,000 the mass of Earth.
Organic matter (OM) found in aerosols can be either primary or secondary, the latter part deriving from the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs); organic material in the atmosphere may either be biogenic or anthropogenic. Organic matter influences the atmospheric radiation field by both scattering and absorption.