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  2. Position-effect variegation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Position-effect_variegation

    The effect is the variegation in a particular phenotype i.e., the appearance of irregular patches of different colour(s), due to the expression of the original wild-type gene in some cells of the tissue but not in others, [8] as seen in the eye of mutated Drosophila melanogaster.

  3. Position effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Position_effect

    Position effect is the effect on the expression of a gene when its location in a chromosome is changed, often by translocation. This has been well described in Drosophila with respect to eye color and is known as position effect variegation (PEV). [1] The phenotype is well characterised by unstable expression of a gene that results in the red ...

  4. Rhodopsin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodopsin

    Rhodopsin, also known as visual purple, is a protein encoded by the RHO gene [5] and a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). It is a light-sensitive receptor protein that triggers visual phototransduction in rod cells. Rhodopsin mediates dim light vision and thus is extremely sensitive to light. [6]

  5. Crystallin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystallin

    [2] [3] The physical origins of eye lens transparency and its relationship to cataract are an active area of research. [4] Since it has been shown that lens injury may promote nerve regeneration, [5] crystallin has been an area of neural research. So far, it has been demonstrated that crystallin β b2 (crybb2) may be a neurite-promoting factor. [6]

  6. Optogenetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optogenetics

    Optogenetics is a biological technique to control the activity of neurons or other cell types with light.This is achieved by expression of light-sensitive ion channels, pumps or enzymes specifically in the target cells.

  7. Retinitis pigmentosa - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinitis_pigmentosa

    The goal of gene therapy studies is to virally supplement retinal cells expressing mutant genes associated with the retinitis pigmentosa phenotype with healthy forms of the gene; thus, allowing the repair and proper functioning of retinal photoreceptor cells in response to the instructions associated with the inserted healthy gene.

  8. Congenital red–green color blindness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_red–green...

    The third gene array shows a deuteranopia genotype; the fourth shows a normal color vision genotype. When unequal recombination happens with breaks between the genes (depicted by blue lines), a gene can be essentially deleted from one of the chromosomes. This gene deletion leads to protanopia or deuteranopia (congenital red–green dichromacy).

  9. Opsin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opsin

    The seven transmembrane α-helical domains in opsins are connected by three extra-cellular and three cytoplasmic loops. Along the α-helices and the loops, many amino acid residues are highly conserved between all opsin groups, indicating that they serve important functions and thus are called functionally conserved residues.