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  2. Sediment transport - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sediment_transport

    This is typical for small particles falling through a viscous fluid; larger particles would result in the creation of a turbulent wake. For particles with a small settling velocity, diffusion will increase the complexity of the particle's path to the bottom and the time it takes to settle compared to particles with high settling velocities.

  3. Imbibition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imbibition

    Imbibition is a special type of diffusion that takes place when liquid is absorbed by solids-colloids causing an increase in volume. Water surface potential movement takes place along a concentration gradient; some dry materials absorb water. A gradient between the absorbent and the liquid is essential for imbibition.

  4. Diffusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion

    Some particles are dissolved in a glass of water. At first, the particles are all near one top corner of the glass. If the particles randomly move around ("diffuse") in the water, they eventually become distributed randomly and uniformly from an area of high concentration to an area of low, and organized (diffusion continues, but with no net flux).

  5. Molecular diffusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_diffusion

    Molecular diffusion, often simply called diffusion, is the thermal motion of all (liquid or gas) particles at temperatures above absolute zero. The rate of this movement is a function of temperature, viscosity of the fluid and the size (mass) of the particles.

  6. Sedimentation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentation

    The physical process of sedimentation (the act of depositing sediment) has applications in water treatment, whereby gravity acts to remove suspended solids from water. [20] Solid particles entrained by the turbulence of moving water may be removed naturally by sedimentation in the still water of lakes and oceans.

  7. Dispersion (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersion_(chemistry)

    The molecules in a drop of food coloring added to water will eventually disperse throughout the entire medium, where the effects of molecular diffusion are more evident. However, stirring the mixture with a spoon will create turbulent flows in the water that accelerate the process of dispersion through convection-dominated dispersion.

  8. Settling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Settling

    Settling pond for iron particles at water works. Settling is the process by which particulates move towards the bottom of a liquid and form a sediment.Particles that experience a force, either due to gravity or due to centrifugal motion will tend to move in a uniform manner in the direction exerted by that force.

  9. Osmosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmosis

    The process of osmosis over a semipermeable membrane.The blue dots represent particles driving the osmotic gradient. Osmosis (/ ɒ z ˈ m oʊ s ɪ s /, US also / ɒ s-/) [1] is the spontaneous net movement or diffusion of solvent molecules through a selectively-permeable membrane from a region of high water potential (region of lower solute concentration) to a region of low water potential ...